薄壳山核桃-茶间作对‘安吉白茶’速生期光合特性的影响  

The effects of intercropping of Carya illinoinensis and Camellia sinensis‘Anjibaicha’on photosynthetic characteristics of C.sinensis tree during rapid growth period

作　　者：田梦阳 朱树林 窦全琴[1] 季艳红 TIAN Mengyang;ZHU Shulin;DOU Quanqin;JI Yanhong(Jiangsu Academy of Forestry,Nanjing 210014,China;Mopanshan Forest Farm,Jurong 212445,China;College of Life Science,Nanjing Forestry in University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京210014 [2]句容市磨盘山林场,江苏句容212445 [3]南京林业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期86-96,共11页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)项目(BE2019397)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨薄壳山核桃(Carya illinoinensis)-‘安吉白茶’(Camellia sinensis‘Anjibaicha’)(安吉白茶)间作下安吉白茶速生期光合和荧光特性差异,为构建薄壳山核桃-安吉白茶高效复合栽培体系提供理论依据。【方法】在薄壳山核桃与安吉白茶复合栽培下分别以冠下(T1)、冠缘(T2)、冠外(T3)和单作安吉白茶(T0)为对照等4个测定点,测定10年生安吉白茶速生期(7—9月)光合日变化、光响应曲线、荧光参数和叶绿素含量等光合生理指标变化情况。【结果】T2处理可显著提高安吉白茶的净光合速率(P_(n)),7月高温下T1、T2、T3测定点P_(n)均显著高于T0,8月T0处理存在光合午休现象,T2处理的Pn显著高于T0的,9月3个处理的Pn值均显著高于对照单作的;T2具有较高的表观量子效率(η_(AQY))、最大净光合速率(P_(n,max))、光饱和点(P_(LSP))以及较低水平的光补偿点(P_(LCP));暗呼吸速率(Rd)随着光照强度的降低呈逐渐下降的趋势;7—9月茶树叶绿素含量以间作显著高于单作,随着光照强度的降低,叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)含量和叶绿素总含量(ChlT)逐渐增加,叶绿素a与叶绿素b质量比(Chla/b)值呈下降趋势。遮阴产生较多叶绿素利于茶树捕获更多的光能进行光合作用;7、8月间作下茶树PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))与PSⅡ潜在的光化学活性(F_(v)/F_(0))均显著高于单作,高温与高光强对单作安吉白茶产生了明显的光抑制,光能转换效率与电子传递能力下降;9月间作下冠缘茶树F_(v)/F_(m)、F_(v)/F_(0)显著高于冠下和单作,遮阴过度抑制茶树PSⅡ的光化学活性,影响其光合作用中的能量传递与转化。【结论】薄壳山核桃林下安吉白茶的多项光合生理指标得以提高,其中冠缘下有利于安吉白茶叶片光合同化作用,冠外次之,冠下和单作较差;高温与高强光对单作安吉白茶产生了明显的光抑制,降低了茶树光合效率。【Objective】This article explores the differences in photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha' at different measuring points of Carya illinoinensis-Camellia sinensis intercropping to provide a theoretical basis for high-efficiency compound cultivation of Carya illinoinensis-Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha'.【Method】 In this compound model, the daily change in photosynthetic rate, light-response curves, fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of 10-year-old Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha' trees were measured in the fast-growing period(July-September) at four measuring points, i.e., under-crown(T1), crown-margin(T2), outside-crown(T3), and single Camellia sinensis comparison(T0).【Result】The net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)) of Camellia sinensis ‘Anjibaicha' could be significantly altered in T2. The P_(n) values at T1, T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those at T0 in July under high temperatures. The leaves had a midday depression of photosynthesis at T0 in August, and the P_(n) at T2 was significantly higher than that at T0. The P_(n) at different measuring points(T1, T2 and T3) were significantly higher than those of T0 in September. Compared with the control(T0), the higher apparent quantum efficiency(η_(AQY)), maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(n, max)), and light saturation point(P_(LSP)) were high, and the light compensation point(P_(LCP)) was low at T2. The dark respiration rate(R_(d)) gradually decreased with decreasing light intensity. From July to September, the chlorophyll content of Camellia sinensis leaves was significantly higher in intercropping than in single Camellia sinensis cropping. With the decrease in light intensity, chlorophyll a(Chla), chlorophyll b(Chlb), and total chlorophyll(Chl) gradually increased, and the chlorophyll a/b value showed a decreasing trend. Camellia sinensis leaves produce more chlorophyll, which helps Camellia sinensis trees capture more light energy for photosynthesis. The maximum photochemical efficienc

关 键 词：薄壳山核桃 ‘安吉白茶’ 间作 光合特征参数 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]