幼化和外源激素对娜塔栎嫩枝扦插生根的影响及其生根解剖学观察  

Effects of rejuvenation and hormone treatment on the rooting of softwood cuttings of Quercus texana and anatomical observations of rooting

作　　者：卜晓婷 付威 李淑娴 徐志标 彭大庆 徐林桥 BU Xiaoting;FU Wei;LI Shuxian;XU Zhibiao;PENG Daqing;XU Linqiao(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Silvicultural Sciences of Jiangsu Province,College of Forestry and Grassland,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Yancheng Forest Farm of Jiangsu Province,Yancheng 224136,China)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室,林木遗传与生物技术教育部重点实验室,江苏省林木遗传和高效培育重点实验室,南京林业大学林草学院,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京2210037 [2]江苏省盐城林场,江苏盐城224136

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期129-136,共8页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ[2019]38)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究幼化、激素处理对娜塔栎(Quercus texana)嫩枝扦插生根的影响,观察生根过程中插穗不定根的形成过程,探究娜塔栎扦插生根困难的原因,为娜塔栎的扦插繁殖提供理论依据和技术借鉴。【方法】以幼化(6年生母树平茬后的苗木)、6年生母树上剪取的当年生半木质化娜塔栎插条为材料,分别用不同质量浓度的吲哚丁酸(IBA)+萘乙酸(NAA)+间苯三酚(THB)的混合溶液浸泡插穗基部10 min,以清水处理相同时间为对照(CK),于扦插75 d后计算各处理插穗的愈伤率、生根率、根系指数和根系效果指数;同时,以幼化半木质化娜塔栎插条为材料,对不同生根阶段的插穗用FAA标准固定液固定,采用石蜡切片技术对插穗不定根的形成过程进行解剖观察。【结果】植物激素处理能显著提高娜塔栎扦插的生根效果,幼化及6年生母树插穗的生根率均表现出处理组的生根率高于对照组,其中生根率最高可达43.3%。双因素方差分析表明,幼化处理是影响娜塔栎扦插生根的重要因素,且各指标的综合分析排序发现,幼化插穗生根效果大于6年生母树插穗的。利用石蜡切片法观察娜塔栎生根过程茎部的解剖构造,发现刚剪取的插穗不含有潜伏状根原基,属于诱导根原基生根类型;存在愈伤生根和皮部生根的,属混合生根类型;解剖学观察还发现茎部韧皮部中连续的环状厚壁细胞阻碍了不定根的伸长生长。【结论】以IBA 500 mg/L+NAA 250 mg/L+THB 50 mg/L的混合溶液处理幼化娜塔栎插穗基部10 min,其扦插生根效果最佳;但是否为最适浓度需进一步验证。插穗属于诱导根原基生根类型;韧皮部存在环状连续的韧皮纤维(厚壁细胞)是导致其生根困难的原因之一。不定根原基发生的方式有两种:一种是愈伤组织内发生不定根原基,另一种是形成层附近的细胞分裂形成根原基。【Objective】This study was performed to investigate the effects of rejuvenation and hormone treatment on the rooting of Quercus texana cuttings and obverse the formation process of adventitious roots during the rooting process. This was done to explain the reasons behind the difficulty of rooting Q. texana cuttings to provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the subsequent cutting propagation of Q. texana.【Method】Using the rejuvenated(seedlings after the flat stubble of the six-year-old parent stocks) and the annual semi-woody branches cut from the six-year-old seedlings as materials to make cuttings, the bases of the cuttings were treated with the mixed solution of IBA, NAA, THB and soaked for 10 min. Furthermore, cuttings treated with water for the same duration were taken as the control(CK). After cutting for 75 days, we determined the callus rate, rooting rate, root index and root effect index of the cuttings of each treatment. Meanwhile, the formation process of the adventitious roots of cuttings from semi-woody branches of rejuvenated Q. texana was anatomically observed with the paraffin section technique.【Result】Hormone treatments could significantly improve the rooting effect of Q. texana cuttings, and the results showed that the rooting rates of the treatment groups were higher than that of the control group in both the rejuvenated and six-year-old cuttings, with the highest rooting rate reaching 43.3%. The two-factor analysis indicated that the rejuvenation treatment was a crucial factor affecting the rooting of Q. texana cuttings. Additionally, through the comprehensive analysis and ranking of various indicators, we found that the rooting effect of the rejuvenated cuttings was better than that of the six-year-old cuttings. The anatomical structure of the stem during the rooting process of Q. texana was observed with the paraffin section method, and it was found that the stem of new cuttings did not contain latent primordia, which belonged to the induced root primordium rooting

关 键 词：娜塔栎 扦插 激素处理 幼化处理 解剖学观察 

分 类 号：S688.9[农业科学—观赏园艺] S718[农业科学—园艺学]