交联型氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯乳胶及其在涤纶织物染色中的应用研究  

Preparation of cross-linked fluorosilicone-modified polyacrylate latex and its application in dyeing of polyester fabrics

作　　者：段银河 蒋付良 董慧娴 王静[1] 吴明华[2] 王莉莉[2] 余德游 王懿佳 DUAN Yinhe;JIANG Fuliang;DONG Huixian;WANG Jing;WU Minghua;WANG Lili;YU Deyou;WANG Yijia(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing&Finishing of Textiles,Ministry of Education of China,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Jiaxing Food and Drug and Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center,Jiaxing 314050,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),杭州310018 [2]浙江理工大学生态染整技术教育工程中心,杭州310018 [3]嘉兴市食品药品与产品质量检验检测院,浙江嘉兴314050

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期329-336,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62173307);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C01058)。

摘　　要：为提高涤纶织物分散染料免水洗热熔染色织物的染色性能,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸异辛酯(2-EHA)为聚合单体,以甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯(3FMA)和侧链乙烯基聚硅氧烷(PDViS)为改性剂,以烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚(F-6)和烯烃氧基磺酸盐(DNS-86)为乳化剂,通过细乳液聚合法,制备了交联型氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯(PDViS-HPFA)乳胶,通过XPS、EDS和WAC等手段表征PDViS-HPFA胶膜的表面化学组成和性能,并将乳胶应用于涤纶织物分散染料免水洗热熔染色中;探究PDViS-HPFA乳胶质量分数、焙烘温度和焙烘时间对染色织物K/S值和耐摩擦色牢度的影响,并优化了染色工艺条件。结果表明:PDViS-HPFA胶膜表面富集了氟硅元素,且沿胶膜由内向外逐渐增加,PDViS-HPFA胶膜的接触角为103.2°,吸水率为5.21%,具有较强的疏水性;在PDViS-HPFA乳胶质量分数为7%、焙烘温度为200℃、焙烘时间为3 min的轧染工艺条件下,染色织物的K/S值高达16.442,耐干湿摩擦色牢度分别为4~5级和4级,防泳移达5级,高于同类改性聚丙烯酸酯乳胶。该文采用3FMA和PDViS协同改性聚丙烯酸酯乳胶,有效提升了染色织物得色量、色牢度和染色均匀性,为提高涤纶分散染料免水洗热熔染色性能提供参考。To improve the dyeing performance of polyester fabrics dyed with disperse dyes by washing-free hot-melt dyeing,the cross-linked fluorosilicone-modified polyacrylate(PDViS-HPFA)latex was prepared by mini-emulsion polymerization with methyl methacrylate(MMA)and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate(2-EHA)as the polymerization monomers,trifluoroethyl methacrylate(3FMA)and side-chained vinyl polysiloxanes(PDViS)as the modifiers,and allyl polyoxylated ethoxylated ether(F-6)and olefinoxysulfonate(DNS-86)as emulgators.The surface chemical composition and properties of the PDViS-HPFA film were characterized by XPS,EDS and WAC and the latex was applied to the washing-free hot-melt dyeing of polyester fabrics with disperse dyes.The effects of the PDViS-HPFA latex′s mass fraction,baking temperature and baking time on the K/S value and color fastness to rubbing of dyed fabrics were investigated,and the dyeing process conditions were optimized.The results showed that the surface of the PDViS-HPFA latex film was enriched with fluorosilicon elements,which gradually increased along the film from the inside to the outside;the contact angle of the PDViS-HPFA latex film was 103.2°,and the water absorption rate was 5.21%,indicating high hydrophobicity.When the PDViS-HPFA latex′s mass fraction was 7%,the baking temperature was 200℃,and the baking time was 3 min under the conditions of pad dyeing process,the K/S value of the dyed fabrics was as high as 16.442,the color fastness to dry rubbing and color fastness to wet rubbing was between grades 4-5,and grade 4 respectively,and the anti-migrating was grade 5,which was higher than that of similarly modified polyacrylate latex.In this study,the synergistic modification of polyacrylate latex with 3FMA and PDViS can effectively improve the color yield,color fastness and dyeing uniformity of the dyed fabrics,which can provide reference for improving the washing-free hot-melt dyeing performance of polyester fabrics dyed with polyester disperse dyes.

关 键 词：交联 氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯 涤纶 免水洗染色 分散染料 

分 类 号：TS195.644[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]