泉州市扩大国家免疫规划前后甲型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Hepatitis A before and after Inclusion of Hepatitis A Vaccine in Expanded Program on Immunization in Quanzhou

作　　者：曾珊珊 陈雅红[1] 陈文同 詹惠春[1] 石神鉴 黄彩虹[1] 王伟明[1] Zeng Shanshan;Chen Yahong;Chen Wentong;Zhan Huichun;Shi Shenjian;Huang Caihong;Wang Weiming(The Affiliated Quanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Quanzhou,Fujian,362000,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州市疾病预防控制中心,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第5期50-52,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：泉州市级科技计划项目(2023NS078)。

摘　　要：目的:了解福建省泉州市扩大免疫规划前后甲型病毒性肝炎的流行病学特征,为相关部门制定防控措施提供参考依据。方法:收集整理中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2004—2022年泉州市报告的甲型病毒性肝炎病例数据资料,采用描述性研究方法分析泉州市甲型病毒性肝炎病例的流行病学特征。结果:2004—2022年泉州市共报告甲型病毒性肝炎2610例,年均报告发病率为1.71/10万,发病率由2004年的2.32/10万下降至2022年的1.25/10万,报告发病率呈下降趋势;年均报告发病率居前3位的县(市、区)为南安市、晋江市、鲤城区,泉州台商投资区年均报告发病率最低;0~14岁、15~29岁、30~44岁年龄段人群发病均呈下降趋势,45~59岁、60~74岁年龄段人群发病均呈上升趋势;报告发病人数最多的职业为农民。结论:2008年泉州市将甲型病毒性肝炎疫苗纳入免疫规划后,甲型病毒性肝炎总体报告发病率呈下降趋势,0~14岁年龄段人群发病例数显著下降。相关部门应继续开展甲型病毒性肝炎监测工作,加大疫苗接种宣传教育力度,针对重点人群制定防控策略,从而进一步降低泉州市甲型病毒性肝炎的发病率。OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A before and after the Expanded Program on Immunization(EPI)in Quanzhou,and to provide reference for relevant departments to formulate hepatitis A prevention and control measures.METHODS Data on hepatitis A cases reported in Quanzhou from 2004 to 2022 were collected from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System.A descriptive study methods was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristic of hepatitis A in Quanzhou.RESULTS A total of 2610 hepatitis A cases were reported in Quanzhou from 2004 to 2022,for an average annual incidence rate of 1.71 per 105 population.Average annual incidence per 105 descreased from 2.32 in 2004 to 1.25 in 2022,with a decreasing trend.Nan’an,Jinjiang and Licheng District were the top three counties with the highest average annual incidence rate,while Quanzhou Taiwan Residents Investment Zone had the lowest average annual incidence rate.Incidences per 105 for 0~14,15~29 and 30~44 years old group all showed a decreasing trend,and 45~59,60~74 years old group showed an increasing trend.The occupation with the highest number of reported cases was farmer.CONCLUSION The incidence of hepatitis A decreased significantly in Quanzhou after the Hepatitis A vaccine is included in the EPI,especially among 0~14 years old group.Relevant departments should continue to carry out surveillance of Hepatitis A,strengthen vaccination publicity and education,and formulate prevention and control strategies for key populations,so as to further reduce the incidence of hepatitis A in Quanzhou.

关 键 词：甲型病毒性肝炎 发病率 流行特征 免疫规划 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]