三岔河干流水质相关性及时空变化特征研究  

Correlation and spatio-temporal variation characteristics of waterquality in the main stream of Sancha River

作　　者：谢旭姣 王海鹤 孙媛媛 张帅[1,2] 王济 XIE Xujiao;WANG Haihe;SUN Yuanyuan;ZHANG Shuai;WANG Ji(College of Geography&Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Karst Mountain Eco-environment of Guizhou Province,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Guizhou Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省生态环境监测中心,贵州贵阳550081 [4]国家林业局西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [5]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期26-34,90,共10页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技厅支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]4Y032号);贵州省科技项目(黔科合平台人才[2017]5726-26);贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2019]2-8号);贵州师范大学学术新苗基金项目(黔师新苗[2022]B32号)。

摘　　要：三岔河是乌江的源头,为充分了解三岔河流域水质状况,更好的保护源头水,研究了2022年三岔河干流水质时空变化特征及DO、pH、NH_(3)-N、TN、COD_(Cr)、BOD_(5)、COD_(Mn)和TP等8项监测指标之间的相关性。结果表明:1)三岔河干流全年水质均保持在Ⅲ类及以上类别(TN不参与评价),水体水质良好,水体全年呈现弱碱性,DO含量较高,外源污染主要为沿河两岸农业面源和周边居民生活污水排放。2)空间变化趋势:COD_(Cr)、COD_(Mn)和BOD_(5)3个监测指标空间变异系数均在0.3~0.5之间,空间变化不明显,三者之间存在显著的正相关,空间变化特征均为中游>下游>上游;NH_(3)-N与TP的空间变异系数均超过0.9,二者均存在显著的空间分布差异,二者之间存在极显著正相关,变化特征均为中游>上游>下游;TN与其余指标均不存在显著相关性,TN呈现下游>中游>上游的空间变化特征。3)时间变化趋势:2022年三岔河TN呈现7月>10月>1月>4月的时间变化特征,TN浓度主要受人为活动的影响;NH_(3)-N、TP、COD_(Cr)、BOD_(5)、COD_(Mn)等指标无明显时间变化特征。Sancha River is the source of Wujiang River.In order to fully understand the water quality of Sancha River basin,and better protect the source water,the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of water quality in the main stream of Sancha River in 2022 and the correlation between monitoring indicators were studied.The analysis indicators included 8 items in total:DO,pH,NH_(3)-N,TN,COD_(Cr),BOD_(5),COD_(Mn)and TP.The results showed that 1)The water quality remained in classⅢor above all the year round(TN did not participate in the evaluation),and the water quality was excellent.The water body showed weak alkalinity and high DO content throughout the year.The external pollution was mainly from agricultural non-point sources along the river and the surrounding residential sewage discharge.2)The spatial variation coefficients of COD_(Cr),COD_(Mn)and BOD_(5)were between 0.3~0.5,with a significant positive correlation among the three indicators.The spatial variation characteristics were midstream>downstream>upstream.The spatial variation coefficients of NH_(3)-N and TP are both more than 0.9,and there was a significant spatial distribution difference between them.There was a very significant positive correlation between them,and the variation characteristics were midstream>upstream>downstream.There was no significant correlation between TN and other indexes,and TN showed the spatial variation characteristics of downstream>midstream>upstream.3)In 2022,TN of Sanchahe River show the temporal variation characteristics of July>October>January>April,and the concentration of TN is mainly affected by human activities.Other indexes had no obvious time change characteristics.

关 键 词：三岔河 水质空间变化 水质时间变化 相关性 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]