沙障对石羊河下游人工梭梭林生长及其林下植被物种多样性的影响  

Effects of Sand Barriers on Artificial Haloxylon ammodendron and its Vegetation Biodiversity in the Lower Reaches of Shiyang River

作　　者：宁宝山 刘永刚[2] 许丽[2] 杨慧 邱作金 马中平 王芊 陈国瑞 陈雅婷 于冬亮 王菊莲 周晓伟 姜俊基 Ning Baoshan;LIU Yonggang;XU Li;YANG Hui;QIU Zuojin;MA Zhongping;WANG Qian;CHEN Guorui;CHEN Yating;YU Dongliang;WANG Julian;ZHOU Xiaowei;JIANG Junji(Minqin Ancient City National Nature Reserve Management and Conservation Center,Minqin Gansu733399,China;Shiyang River Forestry General Farm,Wuwei Minqin 733399,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,甘肃民勤733399 [2]武威市石羊河林业总场,甘肃民勤733399

出　　处：《甘肃林业科技》2024年第1期42-47,共6页Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省林草局科技项目(石羊河下游不同材料机械沙障固沙植被恢复现状及土壤响应特征研究,2022kj064);甘肃省林草局科技项目(石羊河下游人工灌木混交林生长现状及土壤理化性质研究,2022kj056);武威市自然科学基金项目(石羊河下游荒漠区盐碱地人工造林植被恢复技术研究及成效评价,WW2202RPZ030);武威市重点研发计划-农业类项目(石羊河下游人工固沙林林分结构特征及优化配置技术研究WW23A01YFN009);武威市市级科技计划B类项目(WW23B02NY120)。

摘　　要：通过样地调查的方法,对不同材料、不同布设年限沙障区人工梭梭林的生长状态和林下植被的多样性进行了调查研究,结果表明:1)10a稻草沙障、15a玉米秸秆沙障区梭梭株高、冠幅高于同年限其他沙障类型区,15a尼龙网沙障区树高、冠幅最低;2)不同年限不同材料沙障区梭梭枝条发芽指数存在差异性,5a稻草沙障、10a尼龙网沙障的枝条发芽指数显著高于其他沙障类型,枝条发芽指数5a稻草沙障最高,其次为10a尼龙网沙障,20a黏土沙障最低;3)不同年限不同材料沙障林下植被生物多样性指数和盖度存在差异性,10年黏土沙障区辛普森指数为0.50,Shannon-Wiener指数为0.81;15a黏土沙障区Simpson指数为0.51,Shannon-Wiener指数为0.63;20a黏土沙障区Simpson=0.49,Shannon-Wiener为0.86。不同类型沙障林下植被盖度20a尼龙网沙障、20a黏土沙障最高,15a尼龙网沙障次之,10a尼龙网沙障最低。同一年限不同材料沙障中黏土沙障的盖度相对较高。15~20a沙障类型中稻草沙障的盖度最低,稻草沙障相对其他材料沙障不利于林下物种增加。Through the method of sample plot investigation,the growth status and the diversity of understory vegetation of artificial H.ammodendron forest in sandbarrier areas with different materials and laying years were investigated.The results show that:1)The plant height and crown width of H.ammodendrons in 10 a straw sand barrier and 15 a corn straw sand barrier were higher than other sand barrier types in the same age,and the tree height and crown width of H.ammodendron in 15 a nylon net sand barrier were the lowest;2)The germination index of H.ammodendron branches in different age and material barrier areas was different.The germination index of H.ammodendron branches in 5 a straw sand barrier and 10 a nylon net sand barrier was significantly higher than other sand barrier types,and the germination index of H.ammodendron branches in 5 a straw sand barrier was the highest,followed by 10 a nylon net sand barrier,and 20 a clay sand barrier was the lowest.3)There were differences in the biodiversity index and coverage of vegetation under sand barriers of different ages and materials.simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index were 0.50 and 0.81 respectively in the 10-year clay sand barrier area.The Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index were 0.51 and 0.63 respectively in the sand barrier area of 15 a.Simpson=0.49 and Shannon-Wiener=0.86 in the 20 a clay sand barrier area.Under the different types of sand barriers,the vegetation coverage of 20 a nylon net sand barrier and 20 a clay sand barrier was the highest,followed by 15 a nylon net sand barrier and 10 a nylon net sand barrier.The vegetation coverage increased with the age of the forest.The coverage of clay sand barrier is relatively high among different material sand barriers in the same years.Among the sand barriers of 15 to 20 years,the coverage of straw sand barrier was the lowest.Compared with other material sand barriers,straw sand barrier was not conducive to the increase of understory species.

关 键 词：石羊河 不同材料机械沙障 植被生长 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]