中国老年婚姻状况及其变动特点研究  

Marital Status and Changing Characteristics of Elderly Couples in China

作　　者：杨慧康 陈友华[1] YANG Hui-kang;CHEN You-hua(School of Social and Behavioral Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《山东女子学院学报》2024年第3期108-119,共12页Journal of Shandong Women＇s University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“人口高质量发展视角下积极应对老龄化问题研究”(项目编号:23&ZD186)。

摘　　要：婚姻在老年生活中扮演着至关重要的作用。利用我国人口普查、人口变动抽样调查与其他相关老年婚姻状况数据进行分析,可得出以下研究结论:婚姻是我国老年人亲密关系中最普遍和最重要的选择;近30年来,老年婚姻状况变动呈现出“一高一低两波动”趋势;老年婚姻状况内部并非“铁板一块”,存在性别、年龄、受教育程度、城乡和地区上的异质性。老年婚姻状况的影响不仅限于自身,也与其他事关老年福祉的情境息息相关。据此,提出适时建立完善老年婚姻家庭政策、关注与改善老年婚姻弱势群体福祉、营造老年婚姻友好型社会等政策主张。Marriage plays a crucial role in elderly life.Using the data from China’s population census and population change sample survey,we can analyze the characteristics of the marital status and change of the elderly.Conclusions include:marriage is the most common and important choice in the intimate relationship of the elderly in China;in the past 30 years,the change of the marital status of the elderly has shown a trend of“one high,one low and two fluctuations”;the marital status of the elderly is not“iron plate”,and there is heterogeneity in gender,age,education level,urban and rural areas,and regions.There is heterogeneity in terms of gender,age,education level,urban and rural areas and regions.The impact of marital status in old age is not limited to itself but is also closely related to other contexts that affect the well-being of older persons.Accordingly,it is proposed to establish comprehensive policies for elderly marriage and family;to focus on and improve the well-being of vulnerable groups in elderly marriages;and to create a senior-friendly society for marriages,among other policy recommendations.

关 键 词：老年婚姻 第七次人口普查 丧偶 养老 

分 类 号：C913.13[经济管理] C913.6[社会学]