小黑麦种质萌发期苗期耐盐资源评价与筛选  

Evaluation and screening of the salt tolerance of triticale germplasm at the germination and seedling stages

作　　者：王萌 鲁雪莉 王菊英 张梦超 宋奕汝 孟晨 张莉[5] 徐宗昌[2,3,4] WANG Meng;LU Xue-li;WANG Ju-ying;ZHANG Meng-chao;SONG Yi-ru;MENG Chen;ZHANG Li;XU Zong-chang(College of Agriculture,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Marine Agriculture Research Center,Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Key Laboratory of Resources Mining and Biological Breeding in Coastal Saline-alkali Land,Qingdao 266100,China;National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-alkali Land,Dongying 257345,China;College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 034100,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学院,山东青岛266109 [2]中国农业科学院烟草研究所海洋农业研究中心,山东青岛266100 [3]青岛市滨海盐碱地资源挖掘与生物育种重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [4]国家盐碱地综合利用技术创新中心,山东东营257345 [5]山西农业大学农学院,山西晋中034100

出　　处：《草业学报》2024年第5期58-68,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年基金(ZR2021QC138);青岛农业大学博士启动基金(663/1120071);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ZDRW202201)项目资助。

摘　　要：盐渍化土壤是重要的后备土地资源,筛选耐盐作物品种资源是盐渍化土地农业应用的重要基础。本研究对来自美国和国内6个省份的14份小黑麦种质资源进行萌发期0.9%和苗期1.2%浓度的NaCl胁迫处理,通过测定发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数以及苗期株高、根长、地上干/鲜重、根干/鲜重、脯氨酸、丙二醛以及超氧化物歧化酶等农艺和生理生化指标,对小黑麦种质资源进行萌发期和苗期耐盐评价与筛选。结果表明:盐胁迫下小黑麦萌发期和苗期指标多态性丰富,变异系数为6.53%~99.65%,其中生理指标受盐胁迫的影响较农艺指标大。采用隶属函数法结合主成分分析法等多元统计方法对参试小黑麦种质资源萌发期和苗期耐盐能力进行综合评价,萌发期隶属函数值排名和苗期D值排名的相关性分析结果表明小黑麦萌发期与苗期耐盐性呈极显著正相关;鉴定出萌发期耐盐材料8份,苗期高耐盐材料1份,耐盐材料8份;萌发期和苗期较耐盐的前两个材料均为甘农4号和冀饲2号,可作为盐碱地后续利用和耐盐育种的优异资源。Salinized soil is an important standby cultivated land resource,but salt-tolerant crop varieties are required to use salinized land for agriculture.In this study,14 triticale(Triticosecale wittmack)germplasm lines from America and six Chinese provinces were treated with 0.9%and 1.2%(w/v)NaCl during the germination and seedling stages,respectively.The salt tolerance of triticale germplasm lines at the germination and seedling stages was evaluated and screened by measuring the germination rate,germination energy,and germination index,as well as plant height,root length,dry/fresh weight of aboveground,dry/fresh weight of roots,proline and malonaldehyde contents,and superoxide dismutase activity.The results showed that there were was abundant variation in these indexes among the salt-treated triticale materials at the germination and seedling stages,with the coefficient of variation ranging from 6.53%to 99.65%.Compared with the agronomic indexes,the physiological indexes were more strongly affected by salt stress.The salt tolerance of triticale germplasm resources at the germination stage and seedling stage was evaluated using multivariate statistical methods such as the membership function method and principal component analysis.A correlation analysis between the membership function value ranking at the germination stage and the D-value ranking at the seedling stage showed that the salt tolerance at the seedling stage was significantly positively correlated with that at the germination stage.Overall,we identified eight salt-tolerant germplasm lines at the germination stage,and one very salt-tolerant line and eight salt-tolerant lines at the seedling stage.The two most salt-tolerant materials at the germination and seedling stages were Gannong No.4 and Jisi No.2.Thus,these two materials were identified as excellent triticale resources for cultivation in saline-alkali soils and for breeding new salt-tolerant cultivars.

关 键 词：小黑麦 盐胁迫 萌发期 苗期 耐盐性 种质资源 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]