海口市城市公园自生植物多样性研究  

Species Diversity for Spontaneous Plants in City Parks of Haikou,Hainan,China

作　　者：范秋云 云英英 梁伟红[2] 史佑海[1] FAN Qiuyun;YUN Yingying;LIANG Weihong;SHI Youhai(Hainan Key Laboratory for Biology of Tropical Ornamental Plant Germplasm,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Institute of Science and Technology Information,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学海南省热带特色花木资源生物学重点实验室,海南海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院科技信息研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第4期734-741,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(No.721RC630)。

摘　　要：自生植物生长适应强,能自然生长繁衍并形成良好的自然景观,是建设节约型园林的重要材料。本研究采用典型样方法对海口市16处城市公园分布的自生植物进行调查,以便全面了解海口市城市公园自生植物的多样性水平,并为节约型园林建设提供依据和参考。研究结果表明:16处城市公园共记录自生植物220种,隶属于59科176属。其中本地种154种,占70.00%;外来种66种,占30.00%;外来入侵种48种,占22.27%。自生植物中以菊科、禾本科和豆科所含种类最丰富,3科共计64属75种,占自生植物总属数和总种数的36.36%和34.09%。自生植物中多年生草本和一年生草本最多,分别为113种(51.36%)和97种(44.09%)。自生植物具有良好的生态适应性和良好的园林应用潜力。在未来的城市园林建设中,应合理的规划和利用,提高乡土植物比例,并根据不同环境营造具有地域特色的自生植物景观。Spontaneous plants have strong growth adaptability,can self-multiply and form a good natural landscape,which are important materials for the construction of conservation-oriented landscape.The typical-sampling method was used to investigate the spontaneous plants in 16 city parks of Haikou,so as to comprehensively understand the diversity level of spontaneous plants and provide reference for the construction of conservation-oriented gardens.The results showed that 220 spontaneous plant species belonged to 59 families and 176 genera were recorded in this research.Among them,154 plants were native plants(accounting for 70%)and 66 plants were exotic species(accounting for 30%),meanwhile,48 plants were invasive alien species(accounting for 22.27%).Asteraceae,Poaceae and Fabaceae,the largest families,played a major role in the quadrats with 75 species from 64 genera,accounting for 36.36%and 34.09%of the total genera and species of Spontaneous plants.Perennial herbs and annual/biennial herbs were the main life forms,accounting for 51.36%(113 species)and 44.09%(97 species),respectively.Spontaneous plants have strong ecological adaptability and high potential for landscape application.In the future construction of urban landscape,the existing spontaneous plants in the parks should be reasonably planned and utilized,increasing the proportion of native plants and constructing the spontaneous plants landscape with regional characteristics according to different environments.

关 键 词：自生植物 物种多样性 节约型园林 海口市 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]