定植早期多效唑处理对甘薯块根发育及其蔗糖代谢的影响  

Effects of Paclobutrazol Treatment in Early Stage of Planting on the Development and Sucrose Metabolism of Storage Root in SweetPotato

作　　者：赵添 辛曙丽 黄哲瑞 刘永华 朱国鹏[1,3] ZHAO Tian;XIN Shuli;HUANG Zherui;LIU Yonghua;ZHU Guopeng(College of Horticulture,Hainan University/Hainan Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Plants,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Baoting Agricultural Service Center,Baoting,Hainan 572316,China;Sanya Nanfan Research Institute,Hainan University,Sanya,Hainan 572022,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学园艺学院/海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室,海南海口570228 [2]保亭黎族苗族自治县农业服务中心,海南保亭572316 [3]海南大学三亚南繁研究院,海南三亚572022

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第4期772-782,共11页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(No.2019RC146);海南省自然科学基金项目(No.320RC476);国家自然科学基金项目(No.32260440)。

摘　　要：施用多效唑(PBZ)可显著提高甘薯块根产量并改善其品质,同时蔗糖分解酶在甘薯块根发育中发挥着重要的调控作用。但目前尚不清楚PBZ调控甘薯块根发育的生理生化机制,更不清楚蔗糖代谢在其中发挥的具体作用。本研究以海南鲜食甘薯主栽品种高系14为材料,研究栽培早期(定植后20~30 d)喷施PBZ对其块根产量、单薯鲜重和单株结薯数,以及不同发育阶段(定植后30、60、90、120 d)块根中的淀粉和可溶性糖(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖)含量、蔗糖分解酶活性及其基因家族成员表达水平的影响,以明确PBZ调控甘薯块根发育的蔗糖代谢相关生理生化机制。结果表明:(1)PBZ可通过提高块根单薯鲜重而不是单株结薯数来增加甘薯产量,同时还可以增加块根中的可溶性糖含量和淀粉含量,改善块根品质;但PBZ的增产和改善品质的效果仅发生在处理后的定植早期(定植后30~60 d),在定植后期(定植后90~120 d),PBZ处理对产量和品质无显著影响。(2)PBZ处理显著增加块根的蔗糖合成酶(Sus)、细胞壁转化酶(CWIN)和细胞质转化酶(CIN)活性,但对液泡转化酶(VIN)活性无显著影响。与CWIN和CIN相比,Sus活性上升的时间更早、幅度更大,即PBZ处理下Sus的活性在定植后30 d即显著上升,而CWIN和CIN的活性在定植后60 d才显著上升;在其他时期(特别是定植后期),PBZ处理对Sus、CWIN和CIN活性均无显著影响。(3)对Sus、CWIN和CIN基因表达量的测定表明,在块根中表达的5个Sus基因(IbSus2、IbSus5~7和IbSus9)的表达量在块根发育早期(定植后30 d)均受到PBZ的显著诱导。此外,在块根中表达的7个CIN基因中有3个CIN基因(IbCIN3、IbCIN7和IbCIN8)、在块根中表达的3个CWIN基因中有2个(IbCWIN2和IbCWIN4)基因的表达水平在定植后60 d受到显著诱导。但在其他时期(特别是定植后期),PBZ处理对相关基因家族成员表达水平均无显著影响。结合前人的研究结果,推测The yield and quality of sweetpotato root tubers can be significantly improved by applying paclobutrazol(PBZ),and sucrose-degrading enzymes play important roles in the development of storage roots of sweetpotato.However,the physiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying PBZ-regulated storage root development is still unclear,and especially it remains to be investigated whether sucrose metabolism is involved in the PBZ-regulated development of storage roots.In this paper,sweetpotato cultivar Kokei 14 was used,a predominant cultivar planting in Hainan.After applying PBZ treatment in the early stage of cultivation(20-30 d after planting,dap),the following phenotypic parameters were investigated at 120 dap including the fresh weight of storage root per plant,fresh weight per storage root and storage root number per plant.To elucidate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms relevant to sucrose metabolism underlying PBZ-regulated storage root development,the following physiological and molecular parameters were also examined in storage roots at different development stages(30,60,90 and 120 dap)including the content of starch and soluble sugars(glucose,fructose and sucrose),the activities of sucrose-degrading enzymes and expression levels of the gene families.PBZ increased the yield of sweetpotato by increasing the fresh weight per storage root,but without affecting storage root number per plant.PBZ increased the content of soluble sugar and starch in storage root.However,the effect of PBZ on the yield and quality of storage roots only occurred in the early stage(30-60 d after planting)after treatment,and in the late stage(90-120 d),PBZ treatment had no significant effect on yield and quality.PBZ treatment significantly increased the activities of sucrose synthase(Sus),cell wall invertase(CWIN)and cytoplasmic invertase(CIN).However,PBZ had no significant effects on vacuolar invertase(VIN).As compared to CWIN and CIN,Sus activity was induced by PBZ treatment much earlier and more dramatic.Sus activity was signi

关 键 词：甘薯 多效唑 蔗糖代谢 蔗糖分解酶 块根发育 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]