镉全细胞微生物传感器研究进展  

Research progress of cadmium whole-cell biosensors

作　　者：汤文瑶 郭瑛瑛 向玉萍 刘艳伟 梁勇[1] 阴永光 蔡勇[4] TANG Wenyao;GUO Yingying;XIANG Yuping;LIU Yanwei;LIANG Yong;YIN Yongguang;CAI Yong(Institute of Environment and Health,Jianghan University,Wuhan,430056,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100085,China;Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100085,China;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,Florida International University,Miami,33199,USA)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学环境与健康学院,武汉430056 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境纳米技术与健康效应实验室,北京100085 [4]美国迈阿密弗罗里达大学化学与生物化学系,迈阿密33199

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第4期1085-1095,共11页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2020ZD20);国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0907400);国家自然科学基金(21976193,21777178)资助.

摘　　要：镉全细胞微生物传感器(cadmium whole-cell biosensors,Cd-WCBs)以微生物为载体,利用微生物的调节元件组成模块化基因回路,以实现镉生物有效性的简单、经济和高通量检测.本文概述了基于转录因子和酶生物传感器构建的非特异性Cd-WCBs,以及基于转录因子和荧光共振能量转移构建的特异性Cd-WCBs.本文还总结了Cd-WCBs的基本优化策略,主要包括对识别蛋白进行定向改造或定向进化、利用反馈调控优化基因回路以及改造底盘细胞的金属调控系统.目前,Cd-WCBs已经用于不同环境介质中镉的生物有效性检测,但是其在实际环境中细胞活性,和检测性能仍有待提高.本研究指出未来可通过开发和改造底盘生物来提高传感器的环境适应能力,利用多种合成生物学手段进一步提高传感器的检测灵敏度和特异性.Cadmium whole-cell biosensor(Cd-WCB),which contains a modular genetic circuit assembled by microbial regulation elements,can detect cadmium bioavailability in a simple,low-cost and high-through way.This study outlined the non-specific Cd-WCBs based on transcription factors and enzyme biosensors,and specific Cd-WCBs based on transcription factors and fluorescence resonance energy transfer.The optimization strategies of Cd-WCBs were summarized in this study,including directed mutagenesis and directed evolution of recognition proteins,optimization of genetic circuits with feedback loops,and modification of metalloregulatory system in chassis cells.Cd-WCBs have been applied for the assessment of cadmium bioavailability in different environmental samples,but the viability and detection performance in the actual environment need to be further improved.In future,chassis cells are suggested to be developed and modified to enhance the environmental adaptability of Cd-WCBs,and multiple synthetic biologic methods can be combined to improve the sensitivity and specificity of Cd-WCBs.

关 键 词：镉 全细胞生物传感器 生物有效性 环境检测 特异性 灵敏度 识别元件 报告元件 

分 类 号：X830[环境科学与工程—环境工程]