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作 者:张伊琳 赵正昱 谷欣 李玉霞 陈楚昭 唐泽雨 茹晓宁 李杏茹[1] ZHANG Yilin;ZHAO Zhengyu;GU Xin;LI Yuxia;CHEN Chuzhao;TANG Zeyu;RU Xiaoning;LI Xingru(Department of Chemistry,Capital Normal University,Beijing,100048,China;College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing,100048,China;Yuncheng Bureau of Ecology and Environment,Shanxi Province,Yuncheng,044000,China)
机构地区:[1]首都师范大学化学系,北京100048 [2]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [3]山西省运城生态环境局,运城044000
出 处:《环境化学》2024年第4期1150-1158,共9页Environmental Chemistry
基 金:大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG202110)资助.
摘 要:为了更好地探究我国城市地区大气污染问题,2019年10月15—2020年3月1日在山西省运城市采用四通道大气颗粒物采样仪每23 h进行1次细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))样品采集,分析了样品中有机碳(OC)、元素碳(EC)、水溶性有机碳(WSOC)、水溶性离子的浓度,并对比分析了甲醇提取液和水提取液的紫外-可见吸光特性.结果显示,采样期间PM_(2.5)质量浓度变化范围为6.21—325μg·m^(−3),其中有41 d达到《环境空气质量指数(AQI)技术规定(试行)》(HJ 633—2012)规定轻度污染及以上的标准,占总天数的64%,说明运城市冬季污染严重.其中,二次无机水溶性离子和有机质为PM_(2.5)的主要组成成分,分别占PM_(2.5)质量浓度的39.6%、29.7%(优良天),38.9%、30.8%(轻-中度污染),40.4%、29.1%(重度污染),38.9%、26.5%(严重污染).NO_(3)^(−)是含量最高的水溶性离子,并且4个时期NO_(3)^(−)/SO_(4)^(2−)的比值分别为2.15、2.11、2.31和1.93,说明机动车尾气排放的NO_(x)是污染的主要来源.对运城市水溶性棕碳(WSBrC)和甲醇溶性棕碳(MSBrC)在365 nm下不同时期Abs、AAE、MAE进行分析,发现所有时期甲醇提取液的有机组分光吸收效率均高于水提取液.对MSBrC与SOC和POC进行线性拟合,结果显示Abs_(365,M)与SOC(r=0.80)和POC(r=0.69)都具有较强相关性,表明其二次光化学反应为BrC主要来源.In order to better explore the problem of air pollution in urban areas in China,a fourchannel sampler was used to collect fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))samples daily in Yuncheng City,Shanxi Province from October 15,2019 to March 1,2020.The concentrations of organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC)and water-soluble ions in the samples were analyzed,and the light absorption of methanol extract and water extract were compared.The results showed that the concentration of PM_(2.5) varied from 6.21μg·m^(−3) to 325μg·m^(−3) during the sampling period.41 d reached the standard of mild pollution or above stipulate in the Technical Provisions of Ambient Air Quality Index(AQI)(HJ 633-2012),accounting for 64%of the total days,indicating that air pollution in Yuncheng was very serious in winter.Secondary inorganic water-soluble ions and organic matter were the main components of PM_(2.5),accounting for 39.6%and 29.7%(fine days),38.9%and 30.8%(moderate pollution),40.4%and 29.1%(heavy pollution),38.9%and 26.5%(serious pollution)of PM_(2.5) mass concentration,respectively.NO_(3)^(−)was the highest species,and the ratios of NO_(3)^(−)/SO_(4)^(2−)in the four periods were 2.15,2.11,2.31 and 1.93,respectively,indicating that NO_(x) from motor vehicle exhaust was the main source of NO_(3)^(−).The optical parameters,Abs,AAE and MAE of water-soluble brown carbon(WSBrC)and methanol extractable brown carbon(MSBrC)at 365 nm showed that the absorption efficiency of the unit extracted by methanol was higher than that of the water extract at all stages.The linear fit between MSBrC and SOC showed Abs_(365,M),SOC(r=0.80)and POC(r=0.69),indicating that secondary photochemical reactions were the main source of BrC.
分 类 号:X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
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