全人照护视角下医务社会工作参与构建普惠性安宁疗护体系的专业优势研究  

Research on the Professional Advantages of Medical Social Work in theConstruction of Inclusive Hospice Care System from the WholePerson Care

作　　者：程瑜 崔昌杰[2] CHENG Yu;CUI Changjie(School of Medicine,Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen,Guangdong,528406,China;School of Sociology and Anthropology,Sun Yatsen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学医学院,广东深圳528406 [2]中山大学社会学与人类学学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《社会工作与管理》2024年第3期1-11,共11页Social Work and Management

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届四中全会精神国家社会科学基金重点项目“构建中国特色社会主义普惠性安宁疗护体系研究”(20AZD070)。

摘　　要：安宁疗护是维护生命终末期尊严的重要关怀服务,亟须将其纳入普惠性事业的范畴,并加以推广。普惠性安宁疗护体系的构建是一项系统工程,涉及医院、社区、家庭及其内部的多方机构和主体,专业医护人员在该体系的实践执行中担任核心角色。但由于其服务供给能力的限制,安宁疗护未能下沉至社区和家庭,无法满足公平、规范和可及的普惠性要求。在全人照护视角下,医务社会工作在制度设置和体系内容两个层面上,具备推进普惠性安宁疗护体系构建的专业优势。具体而言,在制度设置层面,医务社会工作可以推动信息共享与交流、资源整合与协调、政策制定与完善;在体系内容层面,医务社会工作在“生理—心理—社会”三个方面提供整全服务、个性化服务与延续性服务。然而,医务社会工作在介入过程中存在阻碍,只有政府、市场和社会等多方主体协同合作,共同解决问题,才能构建起普惠性安宁疗护体系,实现生命终末期的“生死两相安”。As an important care service to maintain the dignity of the end of life,hospice care needs to be promoted in the development of an inclusive welfare system.However,the construction of the inclusive hospice care system is a systematic project,which will involve hospitals,communities,families and the multi-agency and main bodies in these institutions.Although professional medical staff play a core role in the practical implementation of the system,their limited service supply capacity has prevented hospice care from reaching the wider community and meeting the requirements of fairness,norms and accessibility.Medical social workers,on the other hand,can facilitate the construction of an inclusive hospice care system from the perspective of holistic care at the levles of system settings and system content.Specifically,at the system setting level,medical social work can promote information sharing and exchange,resource integration and coordination,and the formulation and improvement of regulations.At the system content level,medical social work can provide holistic personalized,and continuous services at the three levels of physical,psychological and social.However,there are also several obstacles in the intervention process of medical social work.Only by working together,can the government,market and society overcome these obstacles and build an inclusive hospice care system that brings“peace to individuals in events of life and deat”.

关 键 词：安宁疗护 普惠性 全人照护 医务社会工作 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]