某医院2019-2021年住院新生儿疾病谱特点及帕累托图分析  

Disease Spectrum Characteristics and Pareto Diagram Analysis of Hospitalized Neonates in a Hospital from 2019 to 2021

作　　者：吴芗 陈鸣声[3] WU Xiang;CHEN Ming-sheng(Medical Record Management Department of Rudong County People's Hospital,Nantong 226400,Jiangsu,China;School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu,China;School of Health Policy Abstract:Objective&Management,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]如东县人民医院病案管理科,江苏南通226400 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166 [3]南京医科大学医政学院,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《医学信息》2024年第9期54-59,共6页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：目的通过对某县级公立综合医院2019-2021年住院新生儿疾病种类及构成情况的统计归纳,以期为该医院新生儿科的学科建设和临床工作提供理论依据和改进建议。方法查询医院病案统计信息系统中出院时间为2019年1月1日-2021年12月31日的新生儿科全部住院患儿的病案首页数据,统计并分析住院新生儿的基本信息包括年龄、性别、母体胎龄、出生体重,住院新生儿的疾病信息包括出院主诊断、转归情况、住院天数、住院总费用,绘制帕累托图。结果2019、2020、2021年患儿的平均住院日逐年增加,2019-2021年的住院新生儿前5位疾病顺位存在一致性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);住院新生儿中患儿性别比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);早产儿与足月儿的前5位疾病谱有相似之处,患儿是否足月出生及不同出生体重比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2019-2021年前5位的住院新生儿疾病分别为新生儿高胆红素血症、新生儿肺炎、新生儿低血糖症、新生儿败血症、新生儿湿肺,其中新生儿高胆红素血症和新生儿肺炎的疾病累计占比76.76%,为A类因素,是该院收治的新生儿主要疾病种类。结论新生儿高胆红素血症、新生儿肺炎、新生儿低血糖症等疾病在住院患儿中的发生率较高,住院患儿3年中疾病谱前5位的疾病变化不大。早产儿、新生儿肺炎、新生儿窒息、新生儿高胆红素血症为医院新生儿最常见住院病因,应有针对性的加强对上述疾病的诊断治疗及围生期保健宣教。Objective To statistically summarize the types and composition of neonatal diseases in a county-level public general hospital from 2019 to 2021,so as to provide theoretical basis and improvement suggestions for the discipline construction and clinical work of the neonatal department of the hospital.Methods The data of the first page of the medical records of all hospitalized children in the neonatal department from January 1,2019 to December 31,2021 in the hospital's medical record statistical information system were queried.The basic information of hospitalized newborns including age,gender,maternal gestational age,birth weight,and the disease information of hospitalized newborns including the main diagnosis of discharge,prognosis,hospitalization days,total hospitalization expenses were counted and analyzed,and finally the Pareto diagram was drawn.Results The average hospitalization days of children in 2019,2020 and 2021 increased year by year.The top five diseases of hospitalized neonates from 2019 to 2021 were consistent,and the dfference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in gender among hospitalized neonates(P>0.05).There were similarities in the top five disease spectrum between premature infants and full-term infants,and there were statistically significant differences in full-term birth and different birth weight(P<0.05).The top five hospitalized neonatal diseases from 2019 to 2021 were neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,neonatal pneumonia,neonatal hypoglycemia,neonatal sepsis,and neonatal wet lung.Among them,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal pneumonia accounted for 76.76%of the total diseases,which were class A factors and were the main types of neonatal diseases admitted to the hospital.Conclusion The incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,neonatal pneumonia,neonatal hypoglycemia and other diseases is high in hospitalized children,and the top five diseases in the disease spectrum of hospitalized children have not changed much in the three years.Premature infants,

关 键 词：新生儿 疾病谱 帕累托图 流行病学 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]