面向电力调度指令的区块链隐私可追踪存证方案  

Blockchain Privacy-Traceable Deposit Scheme for Power-Dispatch Instructions

作　　者：王栋 王合建 玄佳兴 郑尚卓 陈炳聪 WANG Dong;WANG Hejian;XUAN Jiaxing;ZHENG Shangzhuo;CHEN Bingcong(State Grid Blockchain Technology(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100053,China;State Grid Digital Technology Holding Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100053,China;Guangzhou Institute of Technology,Xidian University,Guangzhou 510555,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]国网区块链科技(北京)有限公司,北京100053 [2]国网数字科技控股有限公司,北京100053 [3]西安电子科技大学广州研究院,广东广州510555

出　　处：《计算机工程》2024年第5期158-166,共9页Computer Engineering

基　　金：国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目(5108-202114038A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：在区块链上对电力调度指令进行可信存证是解决异议调度追责困难的有效手段。电力调度包含指令发起者、接收者、调度指令等高度敏感内容,调度指令存证需在保证敏感内容隐私性的同时验证接收者身份及调度指令的合规性,并在异议调度发生时追踪发起者身份。现有的区块链隐私存证方案大多采用中心化管理方式,这与区块链分布式设置相违背。针对电力调度指令存证的特定需求,设计一个支持调度发起者身份隐私且可追踪、接收者身份以及调度指令隐私且合规的区块链存证方案。将接收者身份及调度指令进行编码,经承诺加密并提供相应的零知识证明保证承诺密文合规后存储至区块链上。采用秘密共享方案对传统的群签名算法进行改进,在不影响签名与验证效率的前提下,将群管理员数量由单方拓展至多方。当异议调度发生时,多名群管理员共同追踪异议调度发起者身份,揭示接收者身份及调度指令信息。理论分析与实验结果表明,该方案具有较高的安全性,执行效率满足实施需求。Solving the challenge of accountability for objection scheduling is an effective method to realize the reliable storage of power-dispatch instructions on blockchain.Power dispatching involves highly sensitive content such as command initiators,receivers,and dispatching commands.The dispatching-command storage must verify the compliance of the recipients and dispatch commands while ensuring the privacy of sensitive content,as well as track the initiator when an objection to dispatch occurs.Most existing blockchain storage and certificate schemes adopt a centralized management method,which is contrary to the blockchain-distributed setting.Based on the specific requirements of power-dispatching storage,a blockchain certificate-storage scheme is designed to support the privacy and traceability of the dispatcher's identity,the privacy and compliance of the receiver's identity,and the dispatching instructions.The recipient identity and scheduling instruction are encoded and stored on the blockchain after being encrypted by the commitment and providing the corresponding zero-knowledge proof to ensure compliance with the commitment ciphertext.The classical group-signature algorithm is improved using a secret-sharing scheme,and the number of group administrators is expanded from one party to multiple parties without affecting the efficiency of the signature and verification.When objection scheduling occurs,multiple group administrators jointly track the identity of the objection-scheduling initiator as well as reveal the receiver identity and scheduling-instruction information.Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the scheme demonstrates high safety and execution efficiency,thus satisfying the implementation requirements.

关 键 词：隐私保护 区块链 可追踪 群签名 电力调度 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]