基于全永磁微波离子源钛自成靶的D-D中子源设计研究  

Design of a D-D Neutron Source Based on Permanent Magnet Microwave Ion Source and Titanium Drive-in Target

作　　者：李旭 廖晨伦 谢亚红 曹小岗 洪兵 梁立振 顾玉明[3] 胡纯栋 孟献才 LI Xu;LIAO Chenlun;XIE Yahong;CAO Xiaogang;HONG Bing;LIANG Lizhen;GU Yuming;HU Chundong;MENG Xiancai(Anhui Energy Laboratory,Energy Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center,Hefei 230031,China;School of Nuclear Science and Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330032,China;Institute of Plasma Physics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院安徽省能源实验室,合肥230031 [2]东华理工大学核科学与工程学院,南昌330032 [3]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《真空与低温》2024年第3期336-342,共7页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12105135、12005145、12305200);安徽省自然科学基金(2308085MA22);合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室)项目(21KZS202、21KZS208);中央高校基础科研业务费用(NJ2022019-3)。

摘　　要：介绍了一种基于全永磁微波离子源钛自成靶技术的紧凑型氘氘(D-D)中子源,其设计中子产额为1×10^(9)s^(-1)。该D-D中子源已经进行了800 h以上的测试,系统可重复稳定运行。早期测试结果显示,系统打火频率高、中子产额低,长时间放电后反向电子会烧蚀Al2O3陶瓷窗,导致微波耦合困难,氘等离子体无法点亮。通过在等离子体腔室中添加氮化硼(BN)保护片以及在钛靶与高压电极之间增加电子抑制电阻,有效抑制了Al2O3陶瓷窗的损伤。通过对等离子体电极孔径的优化和降低腔室压力,降低了打火频率,提高了中子的产额。系统优化后,氘离子能量为70 keV、束流强度为5 mA时,中子产额达到了2.0×10^(8)s^(-1)。在氘离子能量为97 keV、束流强度为6.6 mA时,系统中子产额达到5.2×10^(8)s^(-1)。A compact deuterium-deuterium(D-D)neutron source system with a designed neutron yield of 1×10^(9)s^(-1)based on permanent magnet microwave ion source and titanium(Ti)drive-in target technique is described.This neutron source system has been tested for more than 800 hours,and it can operate repeatedly and stably at present.The early test results show that the system has high ignition frequency and low neutron yield.And the D plasma cannot discharge after long time operation due to the Al2O3 ceramic window which used for the microwave feed being ablated by the emitted secondary electrons.The damage of Al2O3 ceramic window was effectively inhibited by adding a BN protection plate in the plasma chamber and an electron suppression resistance between the Ti target and the high voltage electrode in the vacuum chamber of the neutron source system.By optimizing the structure of the plasma electrode and increasing the vacuum degree,the igni-tion frequency of the system is reduced,and the neutron yield is increased.The neutron yield is up to 2.0×10^(8)s^(-1)during the 5 mA and 70 keV D ions bombarding the Ti target.When the deuterium ion energy is 97 keV and the D beam intensity is 6.6 mA,the neutron yield of the system reaches 5.2×10^(8)s^(-1).

关 键 词：微波离子源 氘氘核反应 钛自成靶 中子源 

分 类 号：TL63[核科学技术—核技术及应用] O571[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]