组合式税收优惠与小微企业创新——基于中国小微企业调查的证据  

Policy Mix and SMEs'Innovation:Evidence from the Survey of China Micro and Small Enterprises

作　　者：于井远 李林木 Yu Jingyuan;Li Linmu

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学财政税务学院,广州510320

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（财政与税务）》2023年第11期44-60,共17页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“企业税收遵从风险管理的双重效应识别与政策工具优化”(71973033);广东省自然科学基金面上项目“税收管理、纳税遵从与企业绩效”(2019A1515011658);广东省高校科研特色创新类项目“税制结构的经济增长质量效应研究”(2021WTSCX032)。

摘　　要：提升创新能力是小微企业可持续发展的关键驱动力。基于中国小微企业调查数据,文章利用工具变量法和多重处理效应模型,实证考察了企业所得税减半征收和增值税起征点提升两种税收激励对小微企业创新的组合式作用。研究结果发现:整体上,企业所得税减半征收对小微企业创新具有显著的激励作用,而增值税起征点提升的效果不显著,但有助于增强企业所得税减半的激励效果,二者表现为积极的政策协同作用;机制分析表明,政策组合有助于降低企业的流动性约束和税收负担,并释放积极的政策信号;进一步地,政策组合的创新激励效应显著存在于技术型企业、行业预期前景好、社会经济关注度高以及中西部地区企业中。文章结论有助于为进一步对实施新的小微企业减税降费政策提供经验上的启示。Improving innovation capabilities is the key driver for the sustainable development of small and micro enterprises(SMEs).Based on the survey data of China's small and micro enterprises,this paper uses 2SLS method and multiple treatment effect model to empirically evaluate the policy mix effects of two tax incentives on the innovation of SMEs.The results show that:halving of corporate income tax has a significant incentive effect on innovation of small and micro enterprises,while the effect of increasing the value-added tax threshold is not significant,it helps to enhance the incentive effect of halving corporate income tax,which is manifested as a positive policy synergy.Mechanism analy-sis shows that the policy mix helps reduce SMEs liquidity constraints and tax burden,and releases a positive signal effect.Furtherly,the positive effects of the policy mix significantly exist in the firms such as these enterprises facing with strong capital demand,technology-based enterprises,having good prospects of industries'future,high concerns a-bout the social and economic status,and enterprises located in the middle and western regions.The conclusions can help to provide further empirical inspiration for the implementation of the new small and micro enterprise tax and fee reduction policies.

关 键 词：税收激励 企业所得税减半 增值税起征点 小微企业创新 减负纤困 

分 类 号：F812.42[经济管理—财政学] F276.3F273.1