鱼类鼻黏膜相关淋巴组织的研究进展  

Advances in the study of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue in fish

作　　者：绳秀珍[1] 王锦诚 唐小千[1] 邢婧[1] 迟恒[1] 战文斌[1] SHENG Xiuzhen;WANG Jincheng;TANG Xiaoqian;XING Jing;CHI Heng;ZHAN Wenbin(Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals,Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,水产动物病害与免疫学实验室,海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《水产学报》2024年第4期12-21,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32273163,31730101,31872599);山东省泰山学者特聘专家项目。

摘　　要：鱼类黏膜相关淋巴组织是抵御病原入侵的第一道防线。其中,鱼类鼻黏膜相关淋巴组织(nasal-associated lymphoid tissue,NALT)近年来被国内外学者所关注,并被证明是嗅觉器官中抗原识别和启动黏膜免疫应答的重要场所,在细菌、病毒和寄生虫感染后可发挥快速的局部免疫响应。以NALT为靶点,对鱼类开展疫苗鼻内接种可起到良好的免疫保护效果。但目前,对NALT中复杂的免疫细胞与分子网络及其互作机制知之甚少。本文对鱼类嗅觉器官结构与功能、NALT的细胞与分子网络及免疫应答、鼻内接种的应答及免疫保护效果等方面的最新研究进展进行综述,旨在阐明鱼类NALT在黏膜局部发挥的免疫防御机制,以期为新型黏膜疫苗的设计与研发提供参考。The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue is the first line of defense against pathogens in fish.In recent years,the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue(NALT)of fish has attracted worldwide attention from researchers,and has proved to be an important site for antigen recognition and initiation of mucosal immune response in olfactory organs.NALT exerts a rapid local immune response following bacterial,viral and parasitic infections.Intranasal inoculation of fish targeting NALT can provide excellent immune protection.However,the complex network of cells and molecules in NALT and their interaction mechanisms are still largely unknown.Here,the latest progress in studies on the structure and function of olfactory organs,cellular and molecular networks and immune response of NALT,as well as response to intranasal inoculation and its immunoprotective effect on fish are reviewed.This information will promote understanding of the immune defense mechanism exerted by fish NALT locally in the mucosa,which will benefit the design and development of novel mucosal vaccines.

关 键 词：鱼类 鼻黏膜相关淋巴组织(NALT) 黏膜免疫 嗅觉器官 鼻内接种疫苗 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]