2009—2018年新疆南疆审定小麦品种特性及推广情况分析  

Analysis of Characteristics and Promotion of Approved Wheat Varieties in Southern Xinjiang During 2009—2018

作　　者：范贵强[1] 方辉[1] 丁银灯 赛都拉·玉苏甫 高永红[1] 黄天荣[1] 周琰 张叶亭 张洋军 尚亚伟 刘梅 FAN Guiqiang;FANG Hui;DING Yindeng;YUSUFU Saidula;GAO Yonghong;HUANG Tianrong;ZHOU Yan;ZHANG Yeting;ZHANG Yangjun;SHANG Yawei;LIU Mei(Research Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Seed Industry Development Center,Urumqi 830006,China;Zepu Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Zepu 844800,China;Melon,Vegetable and Fruit Industry Development Center of Shache County,Shache 844700,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区种业发展中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830006 [3]泽普县农业技术推广中心,新疆泽普844800 [4]莎车县瓜菜果产业发展中心,新疆莎车844700

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2024年第2期42-48,共7页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区农业农村厅2022年“揭榜挂帅”攻关项目;新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2021A02001-1)。

摘　　要：通过明确新疆南疆冬小麦产区21世纪以来审定品种的品种特性,可为区域内品种审定及引进提供参考。对2009—2018年间参加新疆维吾尔自治区南疆区域试验并通过审定的小麦品种的产量、部分农艺性状、抗病性及推广情况进行分析。结果显示:10年间审定的小麦品种单位面积产量水平集中在450~500 kg/667 m^(2),审定品种较对照增产幅度显著增加。农艺性状方面,暂无较对照新冬20号早熟的特早熟品种,株高、千粒质量较新冬20号增加,穗粒数、容重较对照新冬20号减少。6个品种在审定后得以推广,2个品种年度播种面积超过6万hm^(2),1个品种年播种面积达到6.67万hm^(2)。现有引进审定品种推广度低,故需要结合区域需求引进品种,并增加引进品种对区域产业发展的贡献。现有品种审定流程已基本完备,但品质指标需要进一步优化。The study clarified the characteristics of the varieties approved in the regional trials of winter wheat in southern Xinjiang since the new century,in order to provide a reference for the approval and introduction of varieties in the region.Based on the varieties that participated in the South Xinjiang regional trial of the autonomous region and approved from 2009 to 2018,the yield,some agronomic characters,disease resistance and popularization were analyzed.The result showed that yield per unit area of varieties approved in the past decade was concentrated at 450~500 kg/hm^(2),and the yield of the approved varieties increased significantly compared with the control variety.In terms of agronomic traits,there are extra early maturing varieties compared with the control Xindong No.20.The plant height and 1000-grain weight of the approved varieties are higher than those of the control Xindong No.20,and the number of kernel per spike and volume weight are lower.Six varieties were popularized after approval.The annual planting area of two varieties exceeded 60000 hm^(2),and the annual planting area of one variety reached 67000 hm^(2).The promotion of introduced and approved varieties is low,and it is necessary to introduce varieties based on regional needs to increase the contribution of introduced varieties to regional industrial development.The variety approval process has been basically completed,but the quality indicators need to be further optimized.

关 键 词：冬小麦 新品种 农艺性状 推广 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]