消除应力时间对换热器管板与环形支承板焊缝显微组织和力学性能的影响  

Influence of Stress-Relieving Times on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Weld of Heat Exchanger Tube Plate and Annular Support Plate

作　　者：易全伟 房菲 YI Quanwei;FANG Fei(Beijing Nuclear Chemical Research and Design Institute,China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100840,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核电工程有限公司北京核化工研究设计院,北京100840

出　　处：《上海金属》2024年第3期53-56,61,共5页Shanghai Metals

摘　　要：对PRS换热器管板与支承环板模拟焊接件进行了610℃分别保温81和96 min的消除应力处理。通过金相检验、钻孔试验、弯曲试验、冲击试验、硬度试验和拉伸试验研究了消除应力时间对焊缝和熔敷金属显微组织及室温和高温力学性能的影响。结果表明:模拟焊接件熔敷金属与母材结合良好,焊缝组织为均匀的块状和片状先共析铁素体;消除应力81和96 min的模拟焊接件焊缝的硬度和弯曲性能及室温和高温抗拉强度、屈服强度、断后伸长率和断面收缩率及屈强比均相近,满足要求;与消除应力96 min的模拟焊接件相比,消除应力81 min的模拟焊接件焊缝的冲击性能和塑性较好,熔合区和热影响区的应力梯度较小,因此焊缝开裂倾向减小。Simulated weldments,consisting of the PRS heat exchanger tube plate and the supporting ring plate,were stress relieved at 610℃for 81 and 96 min,respectively.The effect of the stress-relieving times on microstructure and mechanical properties at room and high temperatures of the weld and the deposited metal was investigated by means of metallographic examination,hole-drilling test,bending test,impact test,hardness and tensile tests.The results showed that(a)the deposited metal was well bonded to the base metal in the simulated weldments,and the weld structure consisted of uniform blocky and flaky proeutectoid ferrites;(b)the hardness,bending property,as well as the tensile strength,yield strength,elongation and area reduction at room and high temperatures,and yield ratio of weld of the simulated weldment stress relieved for 81 min were similar to those of weld of the simulated weldment stress relieved for 96 min,conforming with the requirements;and(c)relative to the simulated weldment stress relieved for 96 min,the simulated weldment stress relieved for 81 min exhibited better impact property and plasticity in the weld,and lower stress gradient in the fusion area and the heat affected zone,thereby its weld is more difficult to crack.

关 键 词：焊缝 消除应力 残余应力 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]