从词汇化到词法模式——介宾式描摹性副词“逐X”的衍生与发展  

From Lexicalization to Lexical Pattern——Evolution of Preposition-Object-Structured Descriptive Adverb ZhuX

作　　者：李爽 LI Shuang(School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai,200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《广州开放大学学报》2024年第2期92-101,112,共11页JOURNAL OF GUANGZHOU OPEN UNIVERSITY

摘　　要：介宾式描摹性副词“逐X”是由动宾短语词汇化而来的。介词“逐”形成于唐代,起初为依据义介词。唐五代后,介词“逐”衍生出挨序义。宋元时期,介宾短语“逐X”搭配规模化,并进一步衍生出总括量化义。明清时期,一些高频使用或语义发生特异性转变的“逐X”成为描摹性副词。现代汉语中,“逐X”的历时词汇化过程已经固化为共时的词法模式:“逐+量词”。这一词法模式具有能产性,规则性强、透明度高。ZhuX as a preposition-object-structured descriptive adverb evolves as a result of verb-object-framed lexicalization.Originally,Zhu was used as an according-to marker in the Tang Dynasty.During the Post-Tang and Five Dynasties period,ZhuX took on sequential meaning.Then,in the Song and Yuan Dynasties,the combination of X by X scaled up as a comprehensive quantifier.After that,during the Ming and Qing dynasties,some frequently used and semantically specialized ZhuX formations crystallized into descriptive adverbs.Finally,having undergone diachronically lexicalized transformation,this structure has now represented a synchronous lexical pattern in modern Chinese,which is highly productive,regular,and transparent.

关 键 词：“逐X” 介宾式描摹性副词 词汇化 动因机制 词法模式 

分 类 号：H146.2[语言文字—汉语]