论传统知识权的法律构造——以文化多样性的双重价值追求为切入点  

On the legal construction of traditional knowledge rights——From the perspective of dual value pursuit of cultural diversity

作　　者：董晋瑜 DONG Jinyu(School of Law and Intellectual Property,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院法学与知识产权学院,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《佛山科学技术学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期21-30,共10页Journal of Foshan University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD22YFX03)。

摘　　要：在学界对传统知识社会价值的认识不断加深,并对公法保护缺陷持续进行反思的理论背景下,将传统知识权视作一项新型权利进行构建的讨论正逐渐增多。法律规范不仅影响传承者的人权实现以及后续利用的利益分配,更旨在促进社会整体的文化繁荣。因而传统知识权的法律建构应当置于促进文化多样性发展的前提下进行分析,以回应主权与人权保护的共同要求。要落实对传统知识权的法律保护应从以下几个方面入手:明确权利性质为有限私权;基于传承方式差异对权利主体施以类型化;权能设定上侧重对权利主体经济利益的合理反馈;在特定情境下施加适当限制以保障社会福利的最大化。With the deepening understanding of the social value of traditional knowledge in academia and reflections on the defects of protection of public law,discussions on the construction of traditional knowledge right as a new type of rights are gradually increasing.The legislation is not only concerned about the realization of human rights of holders and the distribution of benefits based on subsequent utilization,but also aims at promoting the overall cultural prosperity of society.Therefore,in order to respond to the requirements of sovereignty and human rights,the traditional knowledge right should be analyzed on the premise of maintaining the cultural diversity.The construction of this specific legal system is supposed to follow the nature of traditional knowledge right as a limited private rights,while it strives to achieve the pursuit of cultural security and social development by subject typification and the legal capacity focusing on feedback,as well as appropriate restrictions.

关 键 词：文化多样性 传统知识 文化主权 文化人权 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]