海陆杂交长绒棉棉铃、纤维品质性状及相关性分析  

Island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton boll traits,fiber quality traits and correlation analysis

作　　者：陈旭升[1] 赵亮[1] 狄佳春[1] CHEN Xusheng;ZHAO Liang;DI Jiachun(Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2024年第1期10-15,共6页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：国家转基因特色专用棉新品种培育子课题项目(2020ZX08005-005)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确海陆杂交长绒棉的棉铃、纤维品质性状及相关性,为选育高产海陆杂交长绒棉提供参考依据。【方法】以自主选育的抗虫陆地棉种质系为母本、生产上推广应用的新疆长绒海岛棉品种为父本,配制海陆杂交棉新组合,分析23个海陆杂交棉组合F1代的棉铃、纤维品质性状以及相关性。【结果】23个海陆杂交棉组合F1代单铃重变幅为3.7~5.0 g,单铃重超过4.2 g的组合有12个,变异系数为9.0%;衣分变幅为20.1%~36.7%,衣分超过30.0%的组合有5个,变异系数为10.7%。不同组合F1代纤维长度变幅为34.5~38.5 mm,纤维长度在35.0 mm以上的组合有22个,变异系数为2.6%;纤维比强度变幅为34.8~41.8 cN/tex,纤维比强度超过39.0 cN/tex的组合有9个,变异系数为5.3%;马克隆值变幅为2.8~4.2,马克隆值A级的组合有10个,变异系数为11.8%。海陆杂交棉的单铃重与不孕籽率呈极显著负相关(r=-0.683**)、与每囊粒数呈极显著正相关(r=0.660**)、与每铃囊数呈显著正相关(r=0.495*);海陆杂交棉的纤维整齐度与纤维长度、纤维比强度呈极显著正相关(r=0.578**、r=0.639**),与伸长率呈显著正相关(r=0.506*);衣分与纤维长度呈显著负相关(r=-0.475*)。在23个海陆杂交棉组合中,W042×新海53号、W046×新海54号、W047×新海54号的棉铃性状与纤维品质性状已呈现同步改良。【结论】利用陆地棉与长绒海岛棉的杂交互补优势,可以实现长绒棉产量性状与纤维品质性状的同步改良。【Objective】Understand the cotton boll and fiber quality traits and their correlation of island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton to provide references for breeding high yield island-upland hybrid long-staple cotton.【Methods】New hybrid combinations of island-upland cotton were developed using self-selected insect-resistant upland cotton germplasm line as female parent,and production promoted and applied Xinjiang long-staple island cotton variety as male parent.The cotton boll traits,fiber quality traits and the correlations of the F1 of the 23 island-upland hybrid cotton combinations were analyzed.【Results】In the 23 island-upland hybrid cotton combinations,the variation range of F1 single boll weight was 3.7-5.0 g.12 combinations had single boll weight over 4.2 g,with a 9.0% coefficient of variation.The variation range of lint percentage was 20.1%-36.7%.5 combinations had lint percentage over 30.0%,with a 10.7% coefficient of variation.The variation range for fiber length was 34.5-38.5 mm.22 combinations had fiber length over 35.0 mm,with a 2.6%coefficient of variation.The variation range of fiber specific strength was 34.8-41.8 cN/tex.9 combinations had fiber specific strength over 39.0 cN/tex,with a 5.3% coefficient of variation.The variation range of micronaire value was 2.8-4.2.There were 10 combinations with A-level micronaire value and a coefficient of variation of 11.8%.The single boll weight of the island-upland hybrid cotton was extremely significantly(r=-0.683**)negatively correlated with the sterile seed rate,extremely significantly(r=0.660**)positively correlated with seed numbers per capsule and significantly(r=0.495*)positively correlated with capsule numbers per boll.The fiber uniformity of the island-upland hybrid cotton was extremely significantly(r=0.578**,r=0.639**)positively correlated with fiber length and fiber specific strength,and significantly(r=0.506*)positively correlated with elongation rate.Lint percentage was significantly(r=-0.475*)negatively correlated with fiber length.A

关 键 词：海陆杂交长绒棉 棉铃重 衣分 纤维品质 相关性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]