沿黄灌区盐碱地甜菜微生物菌肥施用量研究  

Study on the application rate of sugar beet microbial fertilizer in saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Irrigation Area

作　　者：韩康 黄春燕 郭晓霞 李智 菅彩媛 田露 卫志刚 刘畅 宋剑君 任惠敏 HAN Kang;HUANG Chunyan;GUO Xiaoxia;LI Zhi;JIAN Caiyuan;TIAN Lu;WEI Zhigang;LIU Chang;SONG Jianjun;REN Huimin(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;Bayannur Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science,Linhe 015000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究所,内蒙古临河015000

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2024年第1期79-86,共8页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160444);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-170207);内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022JBGS0029);内蒙古自治区草原英才创新团队(甜菜提质增效绿色栽培技术创新人才团队)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】探究沿黄灌区盐碱地不同梯度微生物菌肥施用量对甜菜产量和品质的影响,明确甜菜微生物菌肥在盐碱地的最佳施用量。【方法】2020—2021年于内蒙古巴彦淖尔市,在平作、垄作栽培模式的基础上,设置T1(0 kg/hm^(2))、T2(75 kg/hm^(2))、T3(150 kg/hm^(2))、T4(225 kg/hm^(2))和T5(300 kg/hm^(2))5个微生物菌肥施用量处理,分析不同处理对甜菜产量、产糖量的影响,并基于甜菜产量、产糖量变化规律,建立与微生物菌肥施用量间的回归模型,计算最优微生物菌肥施用量;利用归一化均方根误差(NRMSE)、实测值与估测值之间1∶1的直方图检验模型的准确度。【结果】在沿黄灌区盐碱地中施用微生物菌肥可以显著提高甜菜产量、产糖量,2020年T3处理平作、垄作栽培模式下甜菜产量均最高,分别为71454、73835 kg/hm^(2),较T1处理提高24.53%、20.37%;2021年T5处理甜菜产量最高,分别为67934、70863 kg/hm^(2),较T1处理提高14.55%、12.54%。2020年T3处理平作、垄作栽培模式下产糖量最高,分别为11737、12314 kg/hm^(2),较T1处理提高30.93%、24.68%;2021年T5处理产糖量最高,分别为10836、11374 kg/hm^(2),较T1处理提高17.50%、13.06%。在平作、垄作栽培模式下,甜菜产量与微生物菌肥施用量模型分别为y=-0.2246x^(2)+96.845x+58126,R^(2)=0.817**;y=-0.2078x^(2)+88.685x+62334,R^(2)=0.723**;产糖量与微生物菌肥施用量模型分别为y=-0.0498x^(2)+20.112x+9036.4,R^(2)=0.806**;y=-0.045x^(2)+18.215x+9929,R^(2)=0.714**。基于以上模型计算出平作、垄作栽培模式下分别施用微生物菌肥215.6、213.4 kg/hm^(2)时甜菜产量最高,为68568、71796 kg/hm^(2);分别施用微生物菌肥201.9、202.4 kg/hm^(2)时产糖量最高,为11067、11772 kg/hm^(2)。模型检验得出甜菜实测产量与估测产量、实测产糖量与估测产糖量之间的线性关系均达到极显著相关水平,模型精准度较好。【结论】在沿黄灌区盐碱地中施用微生�【Objective】Explore the effects of different gradients of microbial fertilizer application rate on sugar beet yield and quality in saline-alkali land in the Yellow River Irrigation Area,to find out the optimal sugar beet microbial fertilizer application rate in saline-alkali land.【Methods】In Bayannur City,Inner Mongolia,from 2020 to 2021,five microbial fertilizer application treatments,including T1(0 kg/hm^(2)),T2(75 kg/hm^(2)),T3(150 kg/hm^(2)),T4(225 kg/hm^(2))and T5(300 kg/hm^(2))were set up on the basis of two main cultivation modes of flat cropping and ridge cropping.The effects of different treatments on sugar beet yield and sugar yield were analyzed.Based on the variation law of sugar beet yield and sugar yield,a regression model with the application rate of microbial fertilizer was established.And the optimal application rate of microbial fertilizer was calculated.The accuracy of the model was tested by normalized root mean square error(NRMSE)and 1∶1 histogram between the measured value and the estimated value.【Results】The application of microbial fertilizer in saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Irrigation Area significantly improved sugar beet yield and sugar yield.In 2020,T3 treatment had the highest sugar beet yields both in flat cropping and ridge cropping at 71454 and 73835 kg/hm^(2),respectively,increased by 24.53% and 20.37% compared to T1 treatment.In 2021,T5 treatment had the highest sugar beet yields of 67934 and 70863 kg/hm^(2),respectively,increased by 14.55% and 12.54%compared to T1 treatment.In 2020,T3 treatment had the highest the sugar yields of 11737 and 12314 kg/hm^(2) in flat cropping and ridge cropping respectively,increased by 30.93% and 24.68% compared to T1 treatment.In 2021,T5 treatment had the highest sugar yields of 10836 and 11374 kg/hm^(2) respectively,increased by 17.50% and 13.06% compared to T1 treatment.Under the flat cropping and ridge cropping modes,the models of sugar beet yield and microbial fertilizer application rate were y=-0.2246x^(2)+96.845x+58126,

关 键 词：微生物菌肥 盐碱地 甜菜 产量 产糖量 回归模型 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学] S158