改性蒙脱土/硼酸锌/硅橡胶泡沫复合材料的阻燃性能及热降解动力学  

Flame retardant properties and thermal degradation kinetics of modified montmorillonite/zinc borate/silicone rubber foam composite

作　　者：刘博 冀贤 王春雨 梁文昊 张馨 丁东杰 LIU Bo;JI Xian;WANG Chunyu;LIANG Wenhao;ZHANG Xin;DING Dongjie(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;CABR Testing Center Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]中国建研院检测中心有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2024年第2期226-235,共10页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51904233,52074218);陕西省科技创新团队项目(2020TD-021)。

摘　　要：为提高硅橡胶泡沫(SRF)阻燃性能,将有机改性后的蒙脱土(MMT)和硼酸锌(ZB)作为阻燃剂添加到硅橡胶泡沫中,采用室温硫化法制备了有机改性蒙脱土(OMMT)/硼酸锌(ZB)/硅橡胶泡沫(SRF)复合材料,通过极限氧指数(LOI)、水平-垂直燃烧试验(UL-94)、烟密度测试研究了SRF复合材料的阻燃性能,通过热重-红外联用分析其热稳定性以及热解气体成分,并采用非等温法开展了复合材料热降解热动力学分析。结果表明:添加2wt%的OMMT和1wt%的ZB时复合材料的LOI最高达到29.5%,比纯SRF提高了11.3%;最大烟密度(MSD)和烟密度等级(SDR)较纯SRF分别降低了32.9%、34.1%,延缓了SRF复合材料的热分解进程,残炭量提高;2wt%OMMT/1wt%ZB/SRF复合材料的活化能在热解后期明显提高,说明OMMT和ZB复配可以有效协同提高SRF复合材料的阻燃抑烟性能,阻燃作用主要体现在热解第2阶段。In order to improve the flame retardant performance of silicone rubber foam,organically modified montmorillonite and zinc borate were added as flame retardants to silicone rubber foam,and organically modified montmorillonite/zinc borate/silicone rubber foam composites were prepared by room temperature vulcanization method,and the flame retardant properties of SRF composites were studied by limiting oxygen index,horizontal-vertical combustion test and smoke density test.The thermal stability and pyrolysis gas composition of the composites were studied by thermogravimetry-infrared analysis,and the thermodynamic analysis of thermal degradation of composites was carried out by non-isothermal method.The results show that the LOI of the composites reaches a maximum of 29.5%when 2 wt%OMMT and 1 wt%ZB are added,which is 11.3%higher than that of pure SRF.The maximum smoke density and smoke density grade are reduced by 32.9%and 34.1%respectively compared with pure SRF,which delays the thermal decomposition process of SRF composites and increass the amount of carbon residue.The activation energy of 2 wt%OMMT/1 wt%ZB/SRF composites is significantly improved in the later stage of pyrolysis,indicating that the combination of OMMT and ZB can effectively improve the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of SRF composites,and the flame retardant effect is mainly reflected in the later stage of pyrolysis.

关 键 词：改性蒙脱土 硼酸锌 阻燃 硅橡胶泡沫 热动力学 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]