国内露天煤矿抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺应用现状及前景  

Application status and prospect of blast casting-dragline stripping technology in open pit coal mine in China

作　　者：肖双双 竹轩 张永贵 刘锦 XIAO Shuangshuang;ZHU Xuan;ZHANG Yonggui;LIU Jin(College of Energy Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;North Weijiamao Power and Coal Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054 [2]北方魏家峁煤电有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2024年第2期236-244,共9页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52004202)。

摘　　要：抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺可以减少露天煤矿的设备数量,提升露天煤矿的生产能力,降低剥离费用,较传统的单斗卡车工艺具有明显的技术、经济优势。为进一步推动该工艺在国内的推广应用,阐述了该工艺的发展历程,总结了黑岱沟露天煤矿的应用情况及哈尔乌素露天煤矿采用抛掷爆破技术处理采空区的经验,分析了该工艺在国内应用面临的问题以及国内外露天煤矿的地质资源条件。结果表明:抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺在国内取得了良好的应用效果,下一步需要重点优化抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺参数,提高该工艺系统生产效率;与国外采用拉斗铲剥离的矿床特征类似,国内露天煤矿开采的煤层厚度多在25 m以上,主采煤层数多在1~3,煤层倾角多在10°以下,煤层顶板多为泥岩、砂岩等中硬以下岩石,顶板岩石普氏系数多在1~4,国内相当多的露天煤矿具备应用抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺的有利条件,抛掷爆破拉斗铲倒堆工艺尤其是抛掷爆破剥离技术在国内露天煤矿具有广阔的应用前景。The blast casting-dragline stripping technology can reduce the number of equipment,improve the production capacity,and reduce the stripping cost of the open pit coal mine.Compared with the traditional single bucket truck technology,it has significant technical and economic advantages.In order to further promote the popularization and application of this technology in China,the development process of this technology was elaborated in detail;the application of Heidaigou open pit coal mine and the experience of Haerwusu open pit coal mine in using the throwing blasting technology to deal with the goaf were systematically summarized;the problems faced by the application of this technology in China was analyzed emphatically;the geological resource conditions of open pit coal mines at home and abroad were comparatively analyzed.The results show that blast casting-dragline stripping technology has achieved good application effect in China.In the next step,it is necessary to focus on optimizing the technology parameters to improve the production efficiency of the system.Similar to the characteristics of deposits mined by dragline stripping technology in foreign countries,the coal seams mined in open-pit coal mines in China are mostly over 25m thick,with the main coal seams mostly between 1~3 and the dip angle of the coal seams mostly below 10.The roof of the coal seam is mostly composed of medium hard rocks such as mudstone and sandstone,and the Proctor series of the roof rocks is mostly between 1~4.A considerable number of open-pit coal mines in China have favorable conditions for applying the throwing blasting shovel dumping technology a considerable number of domestic open-pit mines have favorable conditions for the application of blast casting-dragline stripping technology.This technology,especially the blast casting,has broad application prospects in China.

关 键 词：露天煤矿 抛掷爆破 拉斗铲 倒堆工艺 应用前景 

分 类 号：TD804[矿业工程—矿山开采]