基于四“新”维度的新质生产力发展路径研究  

A Study on the Development Path of New Quality Productive Forces Based on Four“New”Dimensions

作　　者：齐文浩[1] 赵晨 苏治[2] QI Wen-hao;ZHAO Chen;SU Zhi(College of Economics and Management,Jilin Agricultural University/Jilin Rural Revitalization Strategy Research Center,Changchun 130118;School of Statistics and Mathematics,Central University of Finance and Economics/Research Center for Economic Data,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学经济管理学院/吉林省乡村振兴战略研究中心,吉林长春130118 [2]中央财经大学统计与数学学院/经济数据研究中心,北京102206

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期15-24,共10页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：长春市社会科学院(长春市社会科学界联合会)“东北全面振兴”专项研究课题“长春市打造新质生产力的现实困境与实现进路”(ccssdbzx001);国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字农业赋能农业可持续发展的理论逻辑与实证研究”(21CJL018);吉林省科学技术厅创新发展战略研究项目“吉林省农业农村现代化发展水平的时空特征及影响因素分析”(20240701007FG)。

摘　　要：新质生产力的发展是推动我国经济转型,实现高质量发展的关键。基于四“新”维度,新质生产力相较于传统生产力是依靠技术突破创新而产生的生产力跃迁,是以新劳动者、新劳动对象、新劳动工具和新基础设施为核心的生产力。新质生产力依靠科技推动的本质没有发生变化,但其依靠持续的技术突破,摆脱了资源驱动型的传统发展模式,带来的是更清洁、更高效的环境友好型发展模式。随着我国科技创新能力持续增强、新兴产业不断发展壮大、能源转型和新型基础设施建设的不断加快,我国新质生产力发展条件呈现出逐年向好的态势,但也存在新劳动者储备不足、新劳动工具发展受限、新劳动对象应用场景欠缺、新型基础设施协调性较差等问题。新质生产力的发展一是要着重培养新科技人才、数字技术人才和“卡脖子”关键技术人才;二是要以基础研究为依托,推动整体科技创新能力提升,以实现真正的技术突破;三是要尽快建立起数据大市场;四是要以需求为导向推动新型基础设施建设,强调建用并重,强化以用促建。The development of new quality productive forces(NQPF)is the key to promoting China’s economic transformation and realizing high-quality development.Compared with the traditional productive forces,NQPF is a productivity leap that relies on technological breakthroughs and innovations,with the core of four“new”dimensions:new laborers,new labor objects,new labor tools,and new infrastructure.Though the nature of NQPF driven by science and technology remains unchanged,it has transformed from the traditional resource-driven development model to a cleaner,more efficient and environmentally friendly one through continuous technological breakthroughs.With continuous enhancement of China’s scientific and technological innovation capacity,growth and expansion of emerging industries,acceleration of energy transformation and construction of new infrastructure,the development conditions of China’s NQPF show a yearon-year positive trend.However,there are still problems like insufficient reserves of new laborers,limited development of new labor tools,lacking application scenarios of new labor objects and inflexible coordination of new infrastructure.Therefore,the development of NQPF should firstly focus on cultivating talents in new science and technology,digital technology and bottleneck key technology;secondly,based on basic research,the overall scientific and technological innovation capacity should be promoted as a whole to realize real technological breakthroughs;thirdly,a large data market should be built in no time;fourthly,new infrastructure construction should be demand-oriented by emphasizing the equal importance of construction and application,and strengthening the former through the latter.

关 键 词：新质生产力 经济高质量发展 科技推动 新兴产业 未来产业 

分 类 号：F014.1[经济管理—政治经济学]