岫岩县辽宁绒山羊产业发展调查报告与建议  

Investigation report and recommendations on the development of Liaoning cashmere goat industry in Xiuyan County

作　　者：孙亚波 刘颖 徐晓江 韩迪 贾富勃[1] 吴世海 于明[1] 李华丽 Sun Yabo;Liu Ying;Xu Xiaojiang;Han Di;Jia Fubo;Wu Shihai;Yu Ming;Li Huali(College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Liaoning Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Liaoning Yingkou 115009;Agricultural and Rural Center of Xiuyan County,Liaoning Anshan 118400;Modern Agricultural Production Base Construction Engineering Center of Liaoning Province,Liaoning Shenyang 110032)

机构地区：[1]辽宁农业职业技术学院畜牧兽医学院,辽宁营口115009 [2]岫岩县农业农村中心,辽宁鞍山118400 [3]辽宁省现代农业生产基地建设工程中心,辽宁沈阳110032

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2024年第1期54-59,共6页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：辽宁省科技特派项目“辽宁省岫岩县绒山羊科技特派团(2022JH5/10400021)”;辽宁省教育厅“2020年辽宁省高等学校创新人才支持计划(辽教函[2020]389号)”;辽宁省科技厅营口联合基金“辽宁绒山羊工厂化养殖技术研究与示范”;辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目“绒山羊选育及全产业链生产关键技术研究与示范(2021JH1/10400033)”。

摘　　要：调查旨在全面掌握岫岩县绒山羊产业发展的现状和存在的问题,采用现场调查、问卷调查和电话调查等多种方法,于2022年7月—2023年4月对岫岩县24个乡镇的221个养殖场(户)开展了产业情况、产业技术水平、饲草料情况和加工流通等方面的调研。结果显示:岫岩县绒山羊饲养量、羊肉产量自2019年以来一直呈上升趋势;养殖规模以中小型养殖场(户)为主;大中规模的养殖场主要以育肥为主,随着规模降低逐渐过渡为自繁自养方式。2021—2023年,母羊繁殖效率和羔羊培育效率不断增强,育肥效益较好,绝大多数养殖场能够定期免疫。养殖方式以舍饲和半舍饲为主,日粮配方化水平不高。产品加工环节较薄弱,缺少专门的加工企业。研究表明,岫岩县绒山羊产业发展趋势较好,生产技术水平逐年提高,但也存在生物安全重视程度不够、疫病防控成本较高等技术问题和产品加工流通薄弱等产业问题。因此,建议进一步提高绒山羊良种化水平,加强生物安全防控工作,加大开发新的饲料资源力度,行业主管部门加强对产品加工流通的政策引导和扶持,为岫岩县绒山羊产业持续健康发展助力。The investigation aimed to comprehensively understand the current status and existing issues in the development of the cashmere goat industry in Xiuyan County.Utilizing various methods,including on-site surveys,questionnaires,and phone interviews,the research was conducted on 221 breeding farms(households)across 24 townships in Xiuyan County from July 2022 to April 2023.The survey covered aspects such as industry status,technological levels,forage situations,and processing and distribution.The result shower that the breeding volume and meat production of cashmere goats in Xiuyan County have been on the rise since 2019.Small and mediumsized breeding farms dominate the scale,with large and medium-sized farms primarily focused on fattening,transitioning to self-breeding and self-sustaining as the scale decreases.From 2021 to 2023,reproduction efficiency of ewes and lamb rearing efficiency continue to improve,and fattening benefits are satisfactory,the vast majority of farms are regularly immunized.Shelter and semi-sheltered breeding are prevalent,with a moderate level of formulated feed utilization.The processing sector is relatively weak,lacking specialized processing enterprises.The study suggests that the development trend of the cashmere goat industry in Xiuyan County is positive,with an improvement in production technology over the years.However,there are technical issues such as insufficient emphasis on biosafety and high costs of disease prevention and control,as well as industry problems such as weak product processing and distribution.Therefore,recommendations include further improving the level of fine breeding for cashmere goats,strengthening biosafety measures,increasing efforts to develop new feed resources,and guiding and supporting product processing and distribution through policy measures by industry authorities.These recommendations aim to contribute to the sustained and healthy development of the cashmere goat industry in Xiuyan County.

关 键 词：岫岩县 辽宁绒山羊 养羊业 

分 类 号：S827[农业科学—畜牧学]