2019-2022年佛山市三水区工作场所职业病危害因素监测现状与防治对策  

Current Status and Countermeasures of Occupational Disease Hazards Monitoring in Workplace of Sanshui District,Foshan City from 2019 to 2022

作　　者：陆敏芳 劳少泉 苏小媚 黄应和 陈健安 LU Minfang;LAO Shaoquan;SU Xiaomei;HUANG Yinghe;CHEN Jian'an(Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Department,Foshan City Sanshui District Disease Prevention and Control Institute,Foshan,Guangdong 528100)

机构地区：[1]佛山市三水区疾病防治所职业病防治科,广东佛山528100

出　　处：《智慧健康》2024年第3期25-29,32,共6页Smart Healthcare

摘　　要：目的 分析2019-2022年佛山市三水区工作场所职业病危害因素监测现状,并针对区内重点职业病防治问题提出防治策略。方法 根据《广东省工作场所职业病危害因素监测工作实施方案》以及《佛山市卫生健康局关于印发<佛山市工作场所职业病危害监测工作方案>的通知》要求进行佛山市三水区工作场所职业病危害监测工作,收集2019-2022年该区用人单位职业病防治基本情况及职业病危害因素浓度现场检测结果进行分析。结果 2019-2022年监测用人单位危害因素申报率均保持100%,但用人单位职业卫生培训率存在差异(P<0.05),整体呈下降趋势,2019年最高(100.00%),2022年最低(77.90%)。2019年“三同时”开展情况最好,全部开展率为100.00%,2022年“三同时”开展最差,全部开展率≤50.00%。2019-2022年用人单位配备及发放防护用品情况存在差异(P<0.05):2019年用人单位防护用品发放率及佩戴率最高,均为100.00%;2020年用人单位防护用品发放率最差,均≤88.33%;2022年防护用品佩戴率最差,均≤90.00%;2019-2022年防护用品佩戴率整体呈下降趋势。2020-2022年用人单位年度职业健康检查覆盖率分别为80.00%、86.67%、80.00%,整体有待提升。2019-2022年用人单位工作场所职业病危害因素以粉尘和噪声为主;且四年间的粉尘和噪声超标率存在差异(P<0.05),2019年粉尘超标率最高,为46.00%,2022年噪声超标率最高,为88.89%。结论 佛山市三水区用人单位职业病危害因素申报率较好,但职业卫生培训率、职业卫生“三同时”开展率不足,仍有部分用人单位和劳动者对防护用品发放及佩戴不够重视,职业健康检查覆盖率也有待提升;本区工作场所职业病危害因素主要是粉尘(矽尘)和噪声。未来应继续加大本区工作场所职业病危害因素监测和监管力度,认真落实《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》,提升用人单位和劳动者职业病防控Objective To analyze current monitoring status of occupational disease hazards in workplace of Sanshui District of Foshan City from 2019 to 2022,and propose prevention and control strategies for key occupational disease prevention and control issues in the district.Methods According to Implementation Plan for Monitoring Occupational Disease Hazards in Workplace of Guangdong Province and Notice on Issuing Work Plan for Monitoring Occupational Disease Hazards in Workplace of Sanshui District of Foshan City by Foshan Municipal Health Bureau,the paper carried out occupational disease and hazard monitoring in workplace,collected basic information on occupational disease prevention and control of employers in the area from 2019 to 2022,and analyzed on-site detection results of occupational disease hazard factor concentrations.Results Reporting rate of hazardous factors in monitoring employers remained 100.00% from 2019 to 2022,but there was difference in occupational health training rate of employers(P<0.05),which showed an overall downward trend.The highest was 100.00% in 2019 and the lowest was 77.90% in 2022.The best implementation of "Three Simultaneities" was in 2019,with total implementation rate of 100.00%.The worst implementation was in 2022,with total implementation rate of ≤ 50.00%.There was difference in staffing and distribution of employers from 2019 to 2022(P<0.05).in 2019,distribution and wearing rate of protective equipment by employers was the highest,both was 100.00%.in 2020,distribution rate of protective equipment by employers was the worst,both ≤ 88.33%.in 2022,wearing rate of protective equipment was the worst,both ≤ 90.00%.Overall wearing rate of protective equipment from 2019 to 2022 showed a downward trend.Annual occupational health examination coverage rates of employers from 2020 to 2022 were 80.0%,86.67%,and 80.00% respectively,and overall situation should to be improved.Occupational hazards in workplace of employers were mainly dust and noise from 2019 to 2022,there was difference in

关 键 词：工作场所 职业病 危险因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]