陡倾结构金属矿山岩移规律的模型试验研究  

Model test research on ground movement law of steeply dipping discontinuities in metal mines

作　　者：刘秀敏[1,2] 范凯 王月 王文中 陈从新 LIU Xiu-min;FAN Kai;WANG Yue;WANG Wen-zhong;CHEN Cong-xing(State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Jinshandian Iron Mine of Wuhan Iron and Steel(Group)Company,Huangshi,Hubei 435116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]武钢资源集团金山店矿业有限公司,湖北黄石435116

出　　处：《岩土力学》2024年第5期1412-1422,共11页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.42002292)。

摘　　要：陡倾地质结构金属矿床大部分形成于构造断裂带,崩落法开采会产生显著的岩层移动现象。以湖北黄石的金山店铁矿典型地质剖面为基础,构建地质结构模型。通过缩尺物理模型试验,研究陡倾地质结构对崩落法采矿岩层移动的影响规律。研究结果表明,受陡倾地质结构的影响,采空区岩层移动可分为缓慢增长、快速增长与地表塌陷破坏3个阶段,其中上盘岩移范围远大于下盘,上盘以倾倒变形破坏为主,下盘以剪切滑移破坏为主;采空区顶板岩层一方面不断崩落填充采空区控制岩移,另一方面形成冒落拱,以拱脚抵制上下盘陡倾岩层朝向采空区移动;当顶板崩落至地表后冒落拱的支撑作用消失,近采空区的上盘岩层发生倾倒折断塌陷,下盘岩层发生剪切滑移塌陷。Most metal deposits with the steeply dipping geological structure are typically formed in structural fault zones,and caving mining often result in significant ground movement.In a study conducted at the Jinshandian Iron Mine in Huangshi,Hubei Province,a geological structure model is constructed based on the typical geological profile.The influence of steeply dipping geological structure on the ground movement law in caving mining was investigated by means of scaled-down physical model tests.The results show that,influenced by the steeply dipping geological structure,the ground movement in the goaf can be divided into three stages:slow growth,rapid growth and surface subsidence damage,in which the ground movement of the hanging wall is much larger than that of the footwall.Specifically,the hanging wall is primarily characterized by toppling deformation and failure,and the footwall is dominated by shear-slip failure.The roof strata in the goaf continuously collapse and fill the goaf to control the ground movement,forming a falling arch to resist the movement of the rock layer on the hanging wall and footwall towards the extraction area by its arch foot.However,when the roof falls to the surface,the supporting role of the caving arch diminishes,leading to toppling fracture collapses in the hanging wall near the goaf and shear-slip collapses in the footwall.

关 键 词：金属矿山开采 模型试验 陡倾地质结构 岩层移动 冒落拱 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]