农产品电商供应链“最初一公里”为何仍然需要代办制?——基于供应链治理框架与过程追踪法的分析  

Why Is the Agency System Important for the"First Mile"of Agricultural Product E-commerce Supply Chain?From the Perspective of Supply Chain Governance and Process-tracing Method

作　　者：马九杰[1] 杨晨 赵永华[3] Ma Jiujie;Yang Chen;Zhao Yonghua

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院 [2]山东财经大学金融学院 [3]中国人民大学新闻学院

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（物流管理）》2023年第11期55-70,共16页LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“乡村振兴背景下数字乡村发展的理论、实践与政策研究”(编号:20&ZD164);国家自然科学基金面上项目“数字金融发展在农村金融空间配给缓解和实体经济金融普惠中的作用研究”(编号:71973146)的资助。

摘　　要：本文结合供应链治理框架,运用两阶段解释结果型过程追踪法,对中国西北地区农产品电商的相关案例进行比较分析,试图解释代办制能够嵌入农产品电商供应链“最初一公里”的原因以及代办制发挥作用的机制。研究发现:第一,资源赋不丰裕、交易成本较高等问题阻碍了小农户通过电商创业参与“小农户一消费者”模式的农产品电商供应链;第二,作为中间商的电商企业是小农户参与农产品电商供应链的重要依托,具备协调优势的代办制则是嵌入小农户与电商企业之间的交易秩序;第三,代办人业务范围扩展和合作组织化,有利于农产品电商供应链的垂直整合,促进小农户与现代农业产业链有机衔接,有助于小农户分享数字化红利。现阶段,小农户仍然需要通过代办制与电商企业进行交易,从而参与农产品电商供应链。Based on the framework of supply chain governance,this paper uses the two-stage result-interpreted process-tracing method to compare and analyze the cases of agricultural e-commerce in northwest China,trying to explain the reason why the agency system exists in the"first mile"of agricultural product e-commerce supply chain and its role.The findings are as follows.First,the problems of insufficient resource endowments and high transaction costs prevent smallholders from participating in the"smallholders-consumers"agricultural product e-commerce supply chain through e-commerce startups.Second,as an intermediary,e-commerce enterprises are important support for smallholders to participate in the agricultural e-commerce supply chain.The agency system with coordination advantage is the main transaction mechanism between smallholders and e-commerce enterprises.Third,the expansion of the business scope of local agents and the organization of cooperation are conducive to the vertical integration of the agricultural e-commerce supply chain,promoting the organic connection between smallholders and the modem agricultural industry chain and helping smallholders benefit from digitalization.At the current stage,smallholders still need to transact with e-commerce enterprises through the agency system to participate in the agricultural product ecommerce supply chain.

关 键 词：农产品电商供应链 代办制 小农户 电商企业 

分 类 号：F724.6[经济管理—产业经济] F326.6