小学教学楼庭院空间构成要素对儿童热舒适的影响  

Influence of Constituent Elements of Courtyard Space in Primary School on Children's Thermal Comfort

作　　者：毛媛媛[1] 叶云[1] 谢俊民 Mao Yuanyuan;Ye Yun;Xie Junmin(School of Architecture,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学建筑学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2024年第2期36-41,共6页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41971211)。

摘　　要：为探究儿童热舒适度与户外空间构成要素之间的相关性,对苏州姑苏区与工业园区内的95个小学教学楼庭院空间进行微气候数据采集、空间构成要素量化测量以及对儿童进行问卷调查,结果表明:1)苏州夏季、春季、冬季小学教学楼庭院的儿童热舒适度范围分别为26.5~34.2℃、18.5~26.3℃、23.1~28.2℃;2)与儿童热舒适度PET值显著相关的空间构成要素有5个,即绿地配置形式(“贴边+中央”型最佳)、朝向(东西朝向最佳)、围合度(4面围合最佳)、植物种植类型(乔灌草复合搭配最佳)、绿地率(30%~50%最佳)。基于研究结果,建议通过综合考虑景观特征、优化植物品种、完善辅助设施等手段提升小学教学楼庭院空间的热舒适度。In order to explore the correlation between children's thermal comfort and the constituent elements of outdoor spaces,the study collects the microclimate data and quantitatively measures the space constituent elements at the courtyard spaces of 95 primary schools in Suzhou's Gusu District and Industrial Park,and conducts the questionnaire survey among children.The study finds:1)The children thermal comfort degree(PET)falls in the range of 26.5-34.2℃in summer,18.5-26.3℃in spring and 23.1-28.2℃in winter at the courtyard spaces;and 2)There are five space constituent elements which are significantly correlated with the PET value of children's thermal comfort,including green space layout featured with edge+central planting,an east-west orientation,enclosure of courtyards on all four sides,plant configuration with arbors and shrubs,and a green coverage ratio ranging at 30%-50%.It is suggested that the thermal comfort of courtyard spaces at primary schools could be improved through comprehensive consideration of landscape features,optimization of plant varieties,and improvement of auxiliary facilities.

关 键 词：儿童 热舒适 构成要素 小学 苏州 

分 类 号：TU244.2[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU111