功能性蚕丝纤维研究新进展  

Research progress in high-performance/multifunctional silk fibers

作　　者：童爱心 史芷丞 乔思杰 廖小红 梁子辉 陈凤翔[1] 徐卫林[1] TONG Aixin;SHI Zhicheng;QIAO Sijie;LIAO Xiaohong;LIANG Zihui;CHEN Fengxiang;XU Weilin(State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学省部共建纺织新材料及先进加工技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2024年第2期1-13,共13页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52373085);湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2023AFB828)。

摘　　要：蚕丝纤维因其优异的穿着舒适性,出色的力学性能、生物相容性、生物可降解性及其对人体无毒无炎症的特点,逐渐在多学科交叉融合应用方面表现出巨大的潜力,但同时也因其存在光致发黄、老化、细菌引起的变形甚至降解、不能机洗、难打理等缺陷,急需实现技术创新,开发具有更广阔应用场景的高性能/多功能蚕丝纤维。本文系统总结了高性能/多功能蚕丝纤维制备新技术,包括基因编辑法、添食法、物理改性法、化学改性法,并指出其所存在的问题和面临的挑战。在此基础上,进一步探讨了高性能/多功能蚕丝纤维的未来发展方向,以期为我国桑蚕产业的转型升级提供理论支撑。Silk fiber is increasingly recognized for its potential in a wide range of interdisciplinary applications due to its superior comfort,exceptional mechanical strength,biocompatibility,bio-degradability,and its harmless and non-irritating nature to human skin.However,it also faces several challenges,such as susceptibility to photo-yellowing,aging,microbial-induced distortion or deterioration,difficulties with machine washing,and demanding maintenance requirements.Consequently,there is a pressing demand for technological advancements to create high-perform-ance and multifunctional silk fibers suitable for more diverse uses.This review comprehensively examines the latest methods for producing advanced multifunctional silk fibers,encompassing genetic engineering,dietary interventions,physical and chemical modifications,while also high-lighting the associated issues and obstacles.Building on this analysis,the paper explores prospec-tive avenues for the evolution of high-performance and multifunctional silk fibers,aiming to offer theoretical insights that could facilitate the transformation and progress of China’s sericulture in-dustry.

关 键 词：蚕丝纤维 功能化 高性能化 改性 

分 类 号：TS141[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]