内部填充型矩形开口矿柱承载特性研究  

Study on Bearing Characteristics of Internalbackfill Rectangular Open Ore Pillar

作　　者：杨征 丁彦雄 高翔 姚永安 翟迪 YANG Zheng;DING Yanxiong;GAO Xiang;YAO Yongan;ZHAI Di(Xiaobaodang Mining Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group,Yulin 719302,China;Shaanxi Tiandi Geology Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710054,China;College of Energy Science and Engineering,Xi′an University of Science and Technology,Xi′an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西煤业化工集团陕西小保当矿业有限公司,陕西榆林719302 [2]陕西天地地质有限责任公司,西安710054 [3]西安科技大学能源学院,西安710054

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2024年第4期129-139,共11页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174134);陕煤地质集团重大专项项目(SMDZ-2022ZD-1)。

摘　　要：为研究部分充填置换高强度充填材料对矩形开口矿柱力学承载特性的影响。采用中机电子万能试验机和DS5型声发射信号采集系统,对不同开口宽度的矿柱试样开展了单轴载荷作用下破坏全过程的力学承载特性试验,在破坏过程中采用快速相机进行监测和记录,总结了充填高强度充填材料填充矩形开口矿柱的力学承载特性和破坏机理。结果表明:无充填矿柱试样(Ore Pillar Bearing,OPB)和充填矿柱试样(Ore Pillar-Filling Bearing,OPFB)模型试样变形破坏分为孔隙压密阶段、弹性变形阶段、屈服阶段和峰后破坏阶段,与AE振铃计数演化特征同步响应;OPB模型试样b值曲线缓慢下降,而OPFB模型试样b值曲线呈平缓趋势,高强度充填材料能有效改善脆性材料的应变软化现象,且对破坏后残余强度的提升影响最大;OPB和OPFB模型试样抗压强度及弹性模量随着掘充宽度的增加而减小,OPB模型试样由劈裂破坏面转向剪切破坏面,呈现延性向脆性破坏转变,OPFB模型试样呈现出延性破坏。研究可为矿柱的回收和稳定提供科学依据。To investigate the impact of high-strength backfill materials on the bearing characteristics of rectangular open pillars during partial backfill replacement,this study conducted tests on the bearing characteristics of ore pillar samples with varying opening widths subjected to uniaxial load using a Zhongji electronic universal testing machine and a DS5 acoustic emission signal acquisition system.Additionally,a fast camera was employed to monitor and record the entire failure process.The bearing characteristics and failure mechanism of rectangular open pillars filled with high strength backfill material were summarized.The experimental results indicate that the deformation and failure stages of OPB and OPFB models can be divided into four stages:pore compaction stage,elastic deformation stage,yield stage,and post-peak failure stage,corresponded synchronously with the evolution characteristics of AE ringing counts.The b value curves for OPB model samples exhibited a slow decrease while the b value curve for OPFB model samples showed a gentle trend.High-strength backfill materials effectively mitigated strain softening in brittle materials and had significant effect on increasing residual strength after failure.Compressive strength and elastic modulus decreased as the width of filling increased in both OPB and OPFB model samples.Failure modes shifted to shear failures in OPB model samples,transitioning from ductile to brittle failures;Whereas ductile failures were observed in OPFB model samples.This research provides scientific evidence for recovery and stabilization strategies for ore pillars.

关 键 词：矿柱置换 单轴压缩 声发射 B值 破坏机理 

分 类 号：TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]