基于电子平均自由程的金属纳米颗粒临界尺寸估算  

Estimation of Critical Size of Metal Nanoparticles Based on Electron Mean Free Path

作　　者：吕庆荣[1] 戴鹏[2] 李爱侠[1] 冯双久[2] LÜQingrong;DAI Peng;LI Aixia;FENG Shuangjiu(College of Physics and Optoelectronics Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学物理与光电工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2024年第2期32-34,共3页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：安徽省教学研究重点项目(2022jyxm082);安徽大学教学研究项目(2022xjzlgc413);安徽省科技重大专项(202003c08020012)。

摘　　要：基于金属价电子占据k空间体积与布里渊区体积之间的关系,求出费米球半径,导出电子平均自由程的计算公式。以Ag和Cu为例计算出电子平均自由程,与其他方法计算结果一致。当金属材料的几何尺度与电子平均自由程相当时,与之相关的物理性能会发生显著变化,从这个角度出发,用电子平均自由程尺度估算Ag和Cu的纳米尺寸临界值分别为52 nm和39 nm。这种计算思路同样适用于其他金属纳米材料。Based on the relationship between the volume of metal valence electrons occupying k space and the volume of the Brillouin zone,the radius of the Fermi sphere was calculated,and the formula for calculating electron mean free path was derived.Taking Ag and Cu as examples,the electron mean free path was calculated,which was consistent with the results obtained by other methods.When the geometric scale of metal materials was equivalent to the electron mean free path,the physical properties related to it would undergo significant changes.From this perspective,the critical values of Ag and Cu nano size were estimated using the average free path scale of electrons to be 52 nm and 39 nm,respectively.This calculation approach was also applicable to other metal nanomaterials.

关 键 词：金属纳米颗粒 临界尺寸 电子平均自由程 

分 类 号：O488[理学—固体物理]