基于霍尔效应的角度传感器的设计与研究  

Design and Research of Angle Sensor Based on Hall Effect

作　　者：董宇杰 谢茂盛 冯卓宏 周大进 DONG Yujie;XIE Maosheng;FENG Zhuohong;ZHOU Dajin(College of Physics and Energy,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学物理与能源学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2024年第2期44-48,共5页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：福建省大学生创新创业训练项目(s202210394013x);福建师范大学大学生创新创业训练项目(cxxl-2022178)。

摘　　要：针对现有霍尔式角度传感器所存在测量精度低等问题。基于对霍尔效应原理的探究,以霍尔电压与磁场方向的关系为基础,设计了一种基于霍尔效应的角度传感器。自制了小型亥姆霍兹线圈以提供稳定磁场,将霍尔探头固定于支撑架上,通过测量霍尔探头旋转不同角度后的霍尔电压实现角度的高精度测量,在旋转角度不大于75°的情况下,最大测量误差为0.1°。将该传感器应用于探究复摆运动,得到复摆角位移与时间关系图像,实现复摆运动状态的准确测量,所测定的摆动周期与理论值的误差仅为2.0%,证明了该装置能够实现快速响应的高精度角度测量。Aiming at the problems such as low measurement accuracy of the existing Hall Angle sensors,based on the exploration of the of Hall effect principle and the relation between Hall voltage and magnetic field direction,an Angle sensor based on Hall effect is designed.We have self-made a small Helmholtz coil to provide a stable magnetic field,fixed the Hall probe on a support frame,and achieved high-precision measurement of the angle by measuring the Hall voltage after the Hall probe rotates at different angles.The maximum measurement error is 0.1°when the rotation angle is not more than 75°.The sensor is applied to explore the compound pendulum motion,obtaining the image of the relation between angular displacement and time,achieving accurate measurement of the motion state of the compound pendulum.The error between the measured swing period and the theoretical value is only 2.0%,proving that the device can achieve high-precision angle measurement with fast response.

关 键 词：霍尔效应 亥姆霍兹线圈 角度传感器 复摆运动 

分 类 号：O4-34[理学—物理]