翅碱蓬处理凡纳滨对虾养殖尾水效果的初步研究  

A preliminary study on the purification effect of Suaeda heteroptera on the tailwater of Litopenaeus vannamei culture

作　　者：杜世瀛 姜玉声[1] 黄姝 张冰倩 窦海琪 常尚龙 吴元浩 DU Shiying;JIANG Yusheng;HUANG Shu;ZHANG Bingqian;DOU Haiqi;CHANG Shanglong;WU Yuanhao(Dalian Key Laboratory of Breeding,Reproduction and Aquaculture of Crustaceans,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,大连市虾蟹繁育与健康养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产科技情报》2024年第3期175-181,共7页Fisheries Science & Technology Information

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”项目(2022YFE0117900);2023中央财政对辽宁渔业补助项目;辽宁省首批“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2021JH1/10400040);2023年大学生创新创业训练计划项目。

摘　　要：为研究耐盐碱植物翅碱蓬(Suaeda heteroptera)对养殖尾水的净化效果,选择初始株高为(6.83±0.35)cm,株径为(2.12±0.13)mm的翅碱蓬,分别以0株/m^(2)(对照组,A组)、40株/m^(2)(处理组,B组)、80株/m^(2)(处理组,C组)和120株/m^(2)(处理组,D组)的种植密度,在静水状态下进行了为期30 d的凡纳滨对虾养殖尾水处理试验。试验结果显示,A组水体盐度下降幅度(56.17%)最小,C组水体盐度下降幅度(79.74%)最大。各处理组水体pH呈先波动上升后下降趋势,至试验结束时,B组、C组、D组水体pH显著高于A组(P<0.05);养殖尾水中溶解氧(DO)含量随着翅碱蓬种植密度的增加而升高;增加翅碱蓬种植密度对降低养殖尾水中总氨氮、亚硝酸氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N)、硝酸氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)和活性磷(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)含量具有显著效果,而化学需氧量(COD)下降不明显。试验结果表明,翅碱蓬对凡纳滨对虾养殖尾水具有一定净化作用,合理增加翅碱蓬种植密度有利于提高对养殖尾水的净化效果。In order to study the purification effect of tailwater of the saline-alkali tolerant plant Suaeda heteroptera,the experiment of tailwater treatment of Litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture was carried out under static water for 30 days.The initial heights and diameters of plants used were(6.83±0.35)cm and(2.12±0.13)mm,respectively.The planting densities of four groups were set as 0 plant·m^(-2)(group A),40 plants·m^(-2)(group B),80 plants·m^(-2)(group C),and 120 plants·m^(-2)(group D).The results showed that the salinity of group A decreased by 56.17%,and the salinity of group C decreased by 79.74%.The pH of each treatment group increased first and then decreased.At the end of the experiment,the pH of water in groups B,C and D was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05).The content of dissolved oxygen(DO)in the tailwater increased with the increase of planting density of S.heteroptera.Increasing the planting density of S.heteroptera had a significant effect on reducing the contents of total ammonia nitrogen,nitrite(NO_(2)^(-)-N),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and active phosphorus(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)in the tailwater.However,the removal effect of chemical oxygen demand(COD)was not significant.These findings suggest S.heteroptera can effectively purify the tailwater from L.vannamei aquaculture and reasonable increase of planting density is beneficial to improve its purification effect on aquacultural tailwater.

关 键 词：翅碱蓬 凡纳滨对虾 养殖尾水 净化 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]