陇南山地传统聚落及乡土建筑生成机制研究——以张坝古村为例  

Study on the Generation Mechanism of Traditional Settlements and Vernacular Architecture in the Mountains of Longnan:Taking Zhangba Ancient Village as Examples

作　　者：卢晴宇 段威[1] 刘万珂 张守法 LU Qingyu;DUAN Wei;LIU Wanke;ZHANG Shoufa

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学 [2]中国城市规划设计研究院

出　　处：《住区》2024年第2期125-132,共8页Design Community

基　　金：北京林业大学北京市级大创项目“陇蜀古村基因的识别与活化——陇南山地传统聚落及乡土建筑生成机制研究”项目资助,项目编号:S202210022059。

摘　　要：在快速城镇化的推动下,我国传统村落地域性要素缺失、识别性差。本文从景观基因理论出发,以传统村落为研究对象,构建出传统村落的景观基因研究体系,以有效保护传统村落的特色空间与建筑特征。以张坝古村为例,结合传统聚落空间模型,本文对其控制(社会、经济、文化要素)、基底(自然背景要素)、基质(建筑等点状要素)、路径(街巷及公共空间等线状要素)、外源(可带动该区域发展的辐射性要素)五大基因进行识别,并总结五大基因的作用机制,构建张坝古村的景观基因图谱,全面总结陇南山地传统聚落及乡土建筑生成机制,综合探索“基因活化”途径。以期保护和传承张坝古村独特的地域文化,激发古村活力,也为其他传统村落景观基因体系的构建提供参考。Driven by rapid urbanization,the regional elements of traditional villages in China are disappearing and poorly recognized.Starting from the theory of landscape gene,this paper takes traditional villages as the research object,and constructs a landscape gene research system of traditional villages,which can effectively protect the characteristic spatial and architectural features of traditional villages.Taking Zhangba Ancient Village as an example,combined with the spatial model of traditional settlements,this paper identifies the five genes of its control(social,economic and cultural elements),substrate(natural background elements),matrix(point elements such as buildings),path(linear elements such as streets,alleys and public spaces),and exogenous sources(radiating elements that can drive the development of the region),and summarizes the functioning mechanism of these five genes to construct a landscape gene map of Zhangba Ancient Village,and comprehensively summarizes the landscape genes of Zhangba Ancient Village,which can effectively protect the characteristic spatial and architectural features of traditional villages.The landscape gene map of Zhangba Ancient Village is constructed to comprehensively summarize the generation mechanism of traditional settlements and vernacular architecture in Longnan mountainous area,and to comprehensively explore the way of“gene revitalization”,in order to protect and inherit the unique regional culture of Zhangba Ancient Village,to stimulate the vitality of the village,and to provide reference for the construction of the landscape gene system of other traditional villages.

关 键 词：传统聚落 乡土建筑 景观基因 陇南 乡土营造 

分 类 号：TU-023[建筑科学—建筑理论]