长期稳定度2.6×10 ^(-16) 的工程化高可靠铷原子喷泉钟  

Enineering highly reliable Robust commercial Rb fountain clock with a long-term instability of 2.6×10^(-16)

作　　者：陈伟亮[1,2] 刘昆 郑发松[1,2] 戴少阳 房芳 Chen Weiliang;Liu Kun;Zheng Fasong;Dai Shaoyang;Fang Fang(National Institute of Metrology of China,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory of State Administration for Market Regulation(Time Frequency and Gravity Primary Standard),Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029 [2]国家市场监管重点实验室(时间频率与重力计量基准),北京100029

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2024年第2期79-86,共8页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：中国计量科学研究院基本科研业务费重点领域项目子课题(AKYZD2201-2)项目资助。

摘　　要：随着喷泉钟运行可靠性的提升和激光技术的日趋成熟,喷泉钟不仅可以作为基准钟驾驭原子时标,提升原子时标的长期稳定度和准确度指标,还可以紧驾驭氢钟作为复合守时钟使用。铷原子的基态超精细能级跃迁作为次级秒定义,具有碰撞截面小,冷却激光运行可靠性高的优势,更加适合工程化。中国计量科学研究院研制的工程化铷原子喷泉钟采用双金属微波真空一体腔提升系统温度适应性,采用小型化光学系统和笼式结构探测光系统提升了运行可靠性,实现了铷喷泉钟长期准连续运行,年运行率达到97.5%。通过1年的比对测试,铷喷泉钟与NIM5铯喷泉钟频率比对的长期稳定度优于3.7×10^(-16),单台喷泉钟的长期频率稳定度优于2.6×10^(-16)。With the advancements in laser technology and improvements of the operation robustness,the fountain clocks can not only be used as frequency standards to calibrate atomic time scales,and improve the long-term stability and accuracy,but also be used to steer a hydrogen maser as a time-keeping clock.The ground state hyperfine transition of rubidium atoms,as a secondary representation of the second definition,has the advantages of small collision cross-sections and highly robust cooling lasers.It is a better candidate for commercial clocks.The prototype of a commercial rubidium fountain clock developed at the National Institute of Metrology(NIM)with a bi-metal microwave-vacuum integrated Ramsey cavity to increase the temperature adaptability of the system.A miniaturized optical system and a cage structure detection light system to improve operational reliability.A long-term quasi-continuous operation with an operation rate of 97.5%in a year is realized.Though the one-year comparson tese,the long-term fractional frequency instability achieves 3.7×10^(-16) for the comparisons between the Rb fountain clock and NIM5 cesium fountain clock.The frequency instability of a single fountain clock is better than 2.6×10^(-16).

关 键 词：铷 喷泉钟 长期稳定度 准连续运行 

分 类 号：TH714[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]