三种复方植物精油驱蚊效果实验室观察研究  

Laboratory Observations on the Mosquito Repellent Effect of Three Compound Essential Oils

作　　者：李昱昊 刘昱男 张妍 管志欣 张俊杰 肖长广 李宗杰 李蓓蓓[1] 邵东华[1] 刘珂[1] 邱亚峰[1] 马志永[1] 孙尧 魏建超[1] LI Yuhao;LIU Yunan;ZHANG Yan;GUAN Zhixin;ZHANG Junjie;XIAO Changguang;LI Zongjie;LI Beibei;SHAO Donghua;LIU Ke;QIU Yafeng;MA Zhiyong;SUN yao;WEI Jianchao(Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute,CAAS,Shanghai 200241,China;Chuang Ao(Shanghai)Environmental Protection Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201112,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所,上海200241 [2]创澳(上海)环保科技发展有限公司,上海201112

出　　处：《中国动物传染病学报》2024年第2期113-117,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Infectious Diseases

基　　金：上海市科技兴农技术创新项目(沪农科创字(2021)第2021-02-08-00-12-F00770号)。

摘　　要：养殖场中滋生的大量蚊蝇可以在畜禽之间和人畜之间传播蚊媒病毒,不仅会对养殖场造成经济损失,而且还会严重威胁人类健康。本试验为了观察三种复方植物精油在实验室驱蚊的效果。我们根据国标GB/T 13917.9-2009规定的攻击力试验方法,通过使用小鼠模型来测定三种复方植物精油对白纹伊蚊的驱避时效。本试验结果显示在该试验中,以白纹伊蚊作为本次试验蚊虫,两种驱蚊花露水在2 h以内对昆明小鼠有效保护率在70%以上;复方植物精油(APEX)在2 h内对昆明小鼠的有效保护率达到40%;通过调整植物精油成分,复方植物精油(APEX-1)对昆明小鼠有效保护时间为2 h,而且在4 h内有效保护率均可达到80%以上;复方植物精油(APEX-2)型对昆明小鼠有效保护时间为2 h,而且在4 h内有效保护率均可达到90%以上。结果表明,复方植物精油(APEX)是一种有效的蚊蝇驱避剂,通过调整植物精油成分后,有效保护率达到80%以上,其高效绿色环保的优势在养殖场蚊蝇驱避方面有较大应用前景。A large number of mosquitoes and flies breeding on farms can spread insect borne viruses between livestock and poultry and between humans and animals,which not only causes economic losses to farms but also seriously threaten human health.The purpose of this experiment was to observe the mosquito repellent effect of three compound plant essential oils in the laboratory.According to the attack test method specified in the national standard GB/T 13917.9-2009,we used Kunming mice in this experiment to determine the repellent effect of three compound plant essential oils on Aedes albopictus.The results showed that the effective protection rates for Kunming mice were more than 70%within 2 hours for two kinds of mosquito repellent toilet water and 40%within 2 hours for the compound plant essential oil(APEX).Adjustment of the composition of plant essential oil APEX improved the effective protection time of compound plant essential oil APEX-1 to 2 hours and even enhanced the effective protection rate up to more than 80%within 4 hours.The adjusted APEX-2 also gained the effective protection time to 2 hours and even the effective protection rate reached more than 90%within 4 hours.The conclusion was that the compound plant essential oil(APEX)was an effective mosquito and fly repellent and even the effective protection rate reached more than 80%after adjustment of its composition.The compound plant essential oil(APEX)had the advantages of high efficiency,green and environmental protection,thus it had great application prospects for mosquito and fly repellent on farms.

关 键 词：植物精油 驱避剂 白纹伊蚊 有效保护时间 

分 类 号：S851.33[农业科学—预防兽医学]