PVDF纳米纤维膜对工业除尘滤料的性能强化  

Performance Enhancement of PVDF Nanofiber Membrane on Industrial Dust Removal Filter Materials

作　　者：柳静献[1] 杜月 LIU Jing-xian;DU Yue(School of Resources&Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《东北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期422-429,共8页Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0211801);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174215);辽宁省兴辽人才计划项目(XLYC2002091);辽宁省揭榜挂帅科技攻关项目(2021JH1/10400023);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C03089).

摘　　要：为了利用聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)纤维膜的细直径和热/压电性提升过滤效率,用静电纺丝方法制备了PVDF纤维膜,通过SEM和XRD表征了PVDF纤维膜形貌和β晶相转化,并将PVDF纤维膜附着在PPS滤料上制备成PPS/PVDF复合滤料,对其过滤效率及压差特性进行了评估.结果表明:PVDF纤维膜无串珠结构,纤维直径分布在270~780 nm,中值427.3 nm,晶型结构以β晶相为主.随着风速升高,PPS/PVDF纤维膜复合滤料过滤效率下降更小,证明PVDF纤维膜的压电效应对微细粒子过滤效率有改善作用.随着温度的提高,PVDF纤维膜呈现热电性,复合滤料的过滤效率上升,当温度升高到70℃,其对小粒径0.3μm粒子过滤效率提升幅度最大为28.37%.In order to improve the filtration efficiency by using the fine diameter and hot piezoelectric properties of PVDF fiber membrane,the PVDF fiber membrane was prepared using electrospinning.SEM and XRD were employed to characterize the morphology andβcrystal phase transformation of PVDF fiber membrane.The PVDF fiber membrane was attached to PPS filter material to prepare PPS/PVDF composite filter material,and its filtration efficiency and differential pressure characteristics were evaluated.The results show that the PVDF fiber membrane has no beaded structure,the fiber diameter distribution ranges from 270 to 780 nm,with a median value of 427.3 nm,and the crystal structure is mainlyβcrystal phase.With the increase of wind speed,the filtration efficiency of PPS/PVDF fiber membrane composite filter material exhibited a lesser decrease,which proves that the piezoelectric effect of PVDF fiber membrane improves the filtration efficiency of fine particles.As the temperature increases,the PVDF fiber membrane exhibits thermoelectricity,and the filtration efficiency of the composite filter material increases.When the temperature rises to 70℃,the filtration efficiency of the particles with a small size 0.3μm can be maximally increased by 28.37%.

关 键 词：过滤效率 压差特性 聚偏氟乙烯 压电性 热电性 

分 类 号：X964[环境科学与工程—安全科学]