气候变化背景下宁夏灌区冻土变化特征及其对农业生产的影响  

Characteristics of Frozen Soil Change and Its Impact on Agricultural Production in Ningxia Irrigated Area under the Background of Climate Change

作　　者：杨洋[1,2] 贾彪[1] 李阳 Yang Yang;Jia Biao;Li Yang(Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学,宁夏银川750021 [2]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2024年第2期22-31,共10页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室2022年度开放研究项目(CAMF-202205);干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IAM202210)。

摘　　要：为掌握气候背景下宁夏灌区季节性冻土变化及其对农事活动的影响,争取最大限度地提高光热资源利用效率,挖掘生产潜力,开展了气候变化背景下宁夏灌区冻土变化特征及其对农业生产的影响研究。利用宁夏灌区4个代表性站点1961—2020年冬季逐日冻土资料,采用统计方法,分析宁夏灌区逐年最大冻土深度、土壤冻结日期、解冻日期及冻结日数变化特征,并分析冻土变化对农业生产的影响。结果表明,1961—2020年冬季各代表性站点中最大冻土深度均有明显的变化趋势,2001年以前各地最大冻土深度明显变浅,2001年以后惠农、永宁、吴忠整体冻土深度有所增加,永宁、吴忠呈波动性变化,无明显趋势性变化;1961—2020年中宁最大冻土深度明显变浅。土壤冻结日期、完全解冻日期分别有不同程度延后和提前趋势;各站点冻土持续日数年变化呈缩短的趋势,其中中宁的冻土持续时间缩短趋势最明显。To understand the change law of seasonal frozen soil under climate background in Ningxia irrigated area and its impact on agricultural activities,the research objective is to improve the utilization efficiency of light and heat resources and excavate production potential.With daily frozen soil data of four sites in the Ningxia irrigated area from 1961 to 2020,the change characteristics of maximum frozen soil depth,soil freezing date,thawing date,and duration of frozen soil in Ningxia irrigated area are analyzed by using statistical methods.The impact of frozen soil on agricultural production is also analyzed.The results showed that the maximum frozen soil depth in each representative site in the winter from 1961 to 2020 has obvious change trends.Before 2001,the maximum frozen soil depth in various places was significantly reduced,and after 2001,the overall frozen soil depth in Huinong,Yongning and Wuzhong increased again.Yongning and Wuzhong changed in a fluctuating manner without obvious trend change;the maximum frozen soil depth in Zhongning continued to decrease significantly from 1961 to 2020.The soil freezing date and complete thawing date were delayed and advanced to different degrees,respectively;the annual variation of the frozen soil duration in each site showed a decreasing trend,among which the shortening trend of the frozen soil duration in Zhongning was the most obvious.

关 键 词：宁夏灌区 土壤冻结 冻土深度 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] P642.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]