全固态锂电池热安全性研究进展  

Research progress on thermal safety of all solid-state lithium batteries

作　　者：冯振华 邱祥云 张涛 戴作强[1,2] 郭向欣 FENG Zhenhua;QIU Xiangyun;ZHANG Tao;DAI Zuoqiang;GUO Xiangxin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology of Electric Vehicles(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China;Shandong WINA Green Power Technology Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 262700,Shandong,China;College of Physics,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266071 [2]电动汽车智能化动力集成技术国家地方联合工程研究中心(青岛),山东青岛266071 [3]山东威能环保电源科技股份有限公司,山东潍坊262700 [4]青岛大学物理科学学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《精细化工》2024年第5期960-970,共11页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)资助项目(2021CXGC010401)。

摘　　要：随着液态锂电池的广泛应用,热失控现象时有发生,其热安全性成为亟待解决的问题。全固态锂电池以其优异的安全性显示出巨大的应用潜力。该文简要介绍了全固态锂电池的基本概念及组成结构,重点阐述了氧化物、硫化物以及聚合物固体电解质的最新研究进展,并对这3类全固态锂电池的热安全性差异进行了总结,包括固体电解质材料级别、固体电解质与活性材料或锂金属负极混合时界面级别以及全电池级别的热安全性。此外,锂枝晶现象对全固态锂电池安全性的影响仍不可忽视。目前,针对材料和界面级别的热安全性研究众多,但全电池级别的研究较少,且多集中在小容量电池,针对全电池级别的热安全性仍需进一步探究。最后,指出了未来高安全性全固态锂电池的商业化应用应着力于解决全固态锂电池中的关键界面问题以及锂枝晶问题。With the wide application of liquid lithium batteries,thermal runaway phenomenon occurs from time to time,and their thermal safety has become an urgent issue to be solved.The all-solid-state lithium batteries show great application potential due to their excellent safety.The basic concept and structure of all-solid-state lithium batteries were briefly introduced,especially the latest research progress on oxide,sulfide and polymer solid electrolytes.Meanwhile,the differences in the thermal safety of these three types of all-solid-state lithium batteries,including thermal safety at level of solid electrolyte material,the level of the interface between solid electrolyte and mixing of active material or lithium metal cathode,and the thermal safety at the level of full-cell battery were summarized.In addition,it was pointed out that the influence of lithium dendrite phenomenon on the safety of all-solid-state lithium batteries was still not negligible.At present,there were many studies on the thermal safety at the material and interface levels,but only a few studies at the full-cell level with most focused on small-capacity batteries,therefore,the thermal safety at the full-cell battery level still needed to be further investigated.Finally,it was suggested that the future commercialization of high-safety all-solid-state lithium batteries should focus on solving the key interface problems and lithium dendrite problems in all-solid-state lithium batteries.

关 键 词：全固态锂电池 高比能 热安全性 固体电解质 锂枝晶 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]