基于频谱拆分的高比例新能源电力系统火电-多类型储能容量优化匹配  

Optimal Capacity Matching of Thermal Generation and Multi-type Energy Storage in Power Systems With High Share of Renewable Energy Based on Spectrum Splitting

作　　者：范越 冯松杰 魏韡[2] 汪莹 王聪 FAN Yue;FENG Songjie;WEI Wei;WANG Ying;WANG Cong(Northwest Branch of State Grid Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710048,Shaanxi Province,China;Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Haidian District,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]国家电网有限公司西北分部,陕西省西安市710048 [2]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市海淀区100084

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第9期3518-3530,I0015,共14页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(SGNW0000FGJS2200126)。

摘　　要：“双碳”背景下的新型电力系统可再生能源接入比例持续增大,火电装机保留量将逐步降低,源荷平衡将由抽水蓄能、电化学储能等多类型储能配合火电共同完成。该文提出在已知目标年新能源装机与负荷容量下对火电与多类型储能容量需求的评估方法。首先对净负荷时间序列做离散傅里叶变换(discrete Fourier transform,DFT),将所得频谱进行聚类,并引入连续变量分布系数将单一频率分量能同时分配给火电机组、抽水储能和电池储能,从而进行傅里叶反变换得到时域调度曲线,评估或优化火电和多类型储能容量。该文所提容量匹配优化的目标函数是凸函数,由于采用了连续变量分布系数,约束条件是线性等式和不等式,整个问题可以转化为线性规划求解,克服了基于截止频率法难以充分利用火电灵活性的局限性和计算模型的非凸性。参考西北电网数据构建场景并进行算例分析,验证了所提模型能够充分利用火电调节潜力,协调火-储联合运行。比较不同风光比例下和不同新能源接入规模的匹配结果,表明适当的风光比和接入规模有助于降低总体投资成本。Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,the proportion of renewable energy in the novel power system continues to increase,and the retained capacity of thermal power will gradually decrease.The source-load balance will be achieved by combining multiple types of energy storage,such as pumped storage and electrochemical storage,with thermal power.This paper proposes an effective method to evaluate the capacity demand of thermal power and multi-type energy storage with given capacities of renewable energy and load demand.First,the discrete Fourier transform(DFT)is performed on the time series of net load and the spectrum is clustered.Then the distribution coefficient is introduced as a continuous variable to enable a single frequency component to be assigned to thermal power units,pumped hydro storage and battery storage.Thus,the dispatching curves in the time domain are obtained by inverse discrete Fourier transform,which are used to evaluate and optimize the capacity of thermal power and energy storage devices.The objective function of the proposed method is convex.Since the continuous distribution coefficient is adopted and the linear constraints are adopted,the whole problem can be transformed into a linear program.The limitation of the cut-off frequency method is overcome,where the flexibility of thermal power is hard to be utilized due to the non-convexity of the optimization model.Case studies are conducted based on the data of Northwest Power Grid,verifying that the proposed model can make full use of the dispatch potential of thermal power and coordinate the joint operation of thermal power and energy storage devices.Different wind-photovoltaic ratios and renewable penetration ratios are compared.The matching results show that the investment cost can be reduced with appropriate ratios.

关 键 词：离散傅里叶变换 频谱分布系数 多类型储能 容量匹配 

分 类 号：TM72[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]