结构力学位移法实验教学装置开发及教学实践  

Development of Experimental Teaching Apparatus for Structural Mechanics Displacement Method and Teaching Practice

作　　者：江守燕[1] 金蓉 杨海霞[1] 孙立国[1] JIANG Shouyan;JIN Rong;YANG Haixia;SUN Liguo(College of Mechanics and Engineering Science,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;College of Transportation Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学力学与工程科学学院,南京211100 [2]大连海事大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2024年第4期33-37,共5页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：江苏省高等教育教改研究课题(2017JSJG144)。

摘　　要：位移法基本原理是结构力学课程的难点和重点内容,该方法构建的基本系高度抽象,学生在学习过程中普遍感到难。将理论教学与实验教学相结合,开发了位移法基本原理的教学演示装置和实验装置。将基本系中无中生有的“刚臂”以实体部件的形式展现出来,再现“刚臂”的“放松”和“锁住”效果。从演示装置的定性分析和实验装置的定量分析2个角度阐述位移法基本原理,通过这2个装置再现位移法中原结构和基本系的变形过程。学生可以看到“结构”,看到“结构变形”,看到“基本系”及其在外荷载和结点位移单独作用下的2个状态,将抽象的位移法基本系形象化、直观化,加深了学生对位移法基本原理的理解。The basic principle of displacement method is the difficulty and emphasis of structural mechanics.The primary system constructed by this method is highly abstract.The student is generally difficult to master it.Combining theoretical teaching with experimental teaching,the teaching demonstration device and experimental device of the basic principle of displacement method are developed.The“clamp”that is created out of nothing in the primary system is displayed in the form of solid parts,and the“relaxation”and“locking”effects of the“clamp”are reproduced.The basic principle of displacement method is expounded from the qualitative analysis of the demonstration device and the quantitative calculation of the experimental device.By using these two devices,the deformation process of the original structure and its primary system can be reproduced in the displacement method.Students can see the“structure”,observe its deformation,and visualize the“fundamental system”and its two states under external loads and node displacements.This helps to visualize and make the abstract displacement method more intuitive.

关 键 词：结构力学 位移法 演示装置 实验装置 刚臂 

分 类 号：O342[理学—固体力学]