基于曲率特征分析的小儿颅骨畸形重建技术  

Pediatric craniosynostosis reconstruction using surface curvature feature analysis

作　　者：刘云峰[1,2] 徐略乾 游嘉[1,2] 张琦昱[1,2] 姜献峰 王宁 LIU Yunfeng;XU Lueqian;YOU Jia;ZHANG Qiyu;JIANG Xianfeng;WANG Ning(School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023;Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology,Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023;Neurosurgery Department,Affiliated Children Hospital of School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310057)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,杭州310023 [2]特种装备制造与先进加工技术教育部/浙江省重点实验室,杭州310023 [3]浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院神经外科,杭州310057

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2024年第4期429-438,共10页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52175280,51775506);浙江省自然科学基金重大项目(LD22E050013)资助。

摘　　要：小儿颅骨畸形影响患者容貌和发育,并会导致局部触痛、易怒、不安等症状,需要通过手术重建出规则的颅骨形状。但目前手术方案设计多依据医生的经验,缺乏标准的目标形状作指导,手术时间长,重建效果需要提升。针对这一问题,利用曲面的主曲率和高斯曲率分布为依据,对正常的颅骨形状特征进行曲率分析,获得了分区域的曲率值分布范围;通过有限元及实体仿真实验,研究了不同接触结构及不同骨瓣参数对重建模型力学性能的影响;针对具体病例,基于计算机断层扫描(CT)图像重建颅骨三维模型,并进行曲率分析,与正常颅骨曲率分布进行比较,制订出重建修复方案,并设计和打印手术切割模板,临床手术时在模板引导下完成重建手术。实际应用表明,术前额骨部位高斯曲率极值为-0.05200和0.00023,术后降低至正常范围,颅骨重建的效率和形状恢复效果得到了显著提高。Pediatric craniosynostosis affects the appearance and growth of the child,and leads to contacting pains,easy angry and anxiety,so surgical treatment of skull reconstruction is required for this disease.At present,because of lacking of objective shape of a standard head,the reconstruction planning mainly depends on the surgeon's experience,which usually takes long surgical time and gets low quality reconstruction outcomes.Aiming at this problem,utilizing the principle curvature and Gauss curvature distributions as feature parameters,shape feature analysis of normal skull surface is conducted,and curvature value distribution extents of different surface regions are acquired.The effects of different contact structures and bone flap parameters on the mechanical properties of the reconstructed model are studied through finite element and physical simulation tests.For specific case,the 3D model of the skull is reconstructed based on the CT images,and the curvature analysis is performed by making a comparison with the distribution of the normal skull curvature.After designing and printing out the surgical templates,the reconstruction surgeries are conducted efficiently with the guiding of 3D printed templates.The results show that the ultra-Gaussian curvature of the frontal bone is-0.05200 and 0.00023 before the operation,and it is reduced to normal after the operation.The efficiency of skull reconstruction and the effect of shape recovery have been significantly improved.

关 键 词：颅骨畸形重建 曲率分布 有限元分析 手术导板 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科] TP391.41[医药卫生—临床医学]