公共交通噪声性听力损失研究进展  

Research Progress on Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Public Transport Drivers

作　　者：司文静 李博[1] 马小卫 SI Wen-jing;LI Bo;MA Xiao-wei

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院,烟台264003

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2024年第3期270-274,共5页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：滨州医学院教学改革与研究项目(JYKTMP2021013);山东省优质专业学位教学案例库(SDYAL2022186);滨州市社会科学规划课题(24-SKGH-152)。

摘　　要：公共交通噪声是指交通工具运行时产生的妨害人们正常生活和工作的声音。分为机动车噪声、飞机噪声、火车噪声等。一般指机动车辆在城市内交通干线上行驶时产生的噪声。在飞速发展的时代,因公共交通造成的听力损失不容小觑。造成听力损失的公共交通来源广泛,如公交车、地铁等,听力损失的占比也有初步统计,目前探究的可能影响因素有工龄和身体的健康情况等,可能的机制有声波对内耳机械刺激以及氧化应激等。听力损失的防治也主要是通过管理和保护措施来控制噪声源、切断噪声传播途径和加强个人防护等。本文就近年来公共交通驾驶员噪声性听力损失的特点、机制、防治等进行综述。以期对公共交通驾驶员噪声性听力损失的深入研究及减少我国因公共交通造成的噪声性听力损失的发病率有提供参考。Public transport noise refers to the sound generated by the operation of the means of transport that interferes with people's normal life and work.It is divided into motor vehicle noise,aircraft noise,train noise and so on.Generally speaking,it mainly refers to the noise generated by motor vehicles when driving on the main traffic lines in the city.In the era of rapid development,hearing loss caused by public transportation cannot be underestimated.The study found that the public transport sources causing hearing loss are extensive,such as buses,subways,etc.,and the proportion of hearing loss has also been preliminarily counted.The possible influencing factors currently explored are length of service and physical health.The possible mechanism is the mechanical stimulation of sound waves to the inner ear and oxidative stress.The prevention and treatment of hearing loss is mainly through the administration and protection measures to control the noise source,cut off the noise transmission and strengthen personal protection.This article reviews the characteristics,mechanisms,prevention and treatment of noise-induced hearing loss in public transport in recent years.This is of great significance for the in-depth study of noise-induced hearing loss in public transport and the reduction of the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss caused by public transport in China.

关 键 词：公共交通驾驶员 噪声性听力损失 影响因素及机制 防治 

分 类 号：R764.433[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]