外源2,4-表油菜素内酯对碱性盐胁迫下马铃薯根系生长、生理特性及土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of exogenous 2,4-epibrassinolide on root growth,physiological characteristics and soil enzyme activities of potato under alkaline salt stress

作　　者：李明 颉嘉丽 石铭福 康益晨 张卫娜 刘玉汇[2] 杨昕宇 秦舒浩 LI Ming;XIE Jia-li;SHI Ming-fu;KANG Yi-chen;ZHANG Wei-na;LIU Yu-hui;YANG Xin-yu;QIN Shu-hao(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation,Lanzhou 730070,China;Potato Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2024年第3期394-402,共9页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260455、32060441、32201810);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-09-P14);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(22JR5RA858、23JRRA1339)。

摘　　要：为探究外源2,4-表油菜素内酯(EBR)对碱性盐胁迫下马铃薯根系形态、生理特性及土壤酶活性的影响,本研究以马铃薯大西洋为试验材料进行盆栽试验,设置不添加NaHCO_(3)(CK)和添加300 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)(T0),以及添加300 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)后喷施0.25μmol/L(T1)、0.50μmol/L(T2)、1.00μmol/L(T3)、2.00μmol/L(T4)外源EBR,共6个处理。结果表明,300 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)(T0)胁迫抑制马铃薯根系的生长发育、生理特性及土壤酶活性。喷施不同浓度外源EBR均能缓解NaHCO_(3)对马铃薯的胁迫,相比于T0处理,T1处理~T4处理的根粗、根表面积、根体积、根尖数、根系活力以及根系干质量均得到提高;整个生育期根系相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢含量及超氧阴离子含量明显下降;脯氨酸(Pro)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、脱氢酶活性增强。对19个指标进行主成分分析,依据主成分得分排序,外源EBR对马铃薯碱性盐胁迫缓解能力由高到低为T3>T2>T4>T1>T0。因此1.00μmol/L的外源EBR可更好地改善盐碱胁迫下马铃薯根系的生长,增强生物膜的稳定性,提高抗氧化酶及土壤酶的活性,从而起到缓解盐碱胁迫的作用。In order to explore the effects of exogenous 2,4-epibrassinolide(EBR)on potato root morphology,physiological characteristics and soil enzyme activities under alkaline salt stress,a pot experiment was carried out with potato“Atlantic”as the test material,and no NaHCO_(3)(CK)and adding 300 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)(T0)were set up.After addition,exogenous EBR was sprayed with 0.25μmol/L(T1),0.50μmol/L(T2),1.00μmol/L(T3),2.00μmol/L(T4),a total of six treatments.The results showed that 300 mmol/L NaHCO_(3)(T0)stress inhibited the growth,development and physiological characteristics of potato roots,and soil enzyme activities.Exogenous EBR at different concentrations could alleviate the stress of NaHCO_(3) on potatoes.Compared with T0 treatment,root diameter,root surface area,root volume,root tip number,root vigor and root dry weight of T1 treatment-T4 treatment were improved.Root relative electrical conductivity,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,hydrogen peroxide content and superoxide anion content decreased during the whole growth period.Proline(Pro)content,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),urease,sucrase,alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities were enhanced.Based on the principal component analysis of 19 indexes,the ability of exogenous EBR to alleviate potato alkaline salt stress from high to low was T3>T2>T4>T1>T0.Therefore,1.00μmol/L exogenous EBR could better improve the growth of potato roots,enhance the stability of biofilm,and improve the activities of antioxidant enzymes and soil enzymes under salt-alkali stress,so as to alleviate the salt-alkali stress.

关 键 词：2 4-表油菜素内酯 碱性盐胁迫 马铃薯 根系形态 生理特性 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]