驳约定解除权行使限制说  

A Refutation of Restricting Non-Breaching Party's Right to Terminate Contract

作　　者：罗士俐 徐君君 杨星玥 Luo Shili;Xu Junjun;Yang Xingyue(College of Humanities and Law,Jiaxing University,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314001;Zhejiang Cixi Transportation Service Center,Cixi,Zhejiang 315399;Law School,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴大学文法学院,浙江嘉兴314001 [2]浙江省慈溪市交通运输综合服务中心,浙江慈溪315399 [3]海南大学法学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《嘉兴学院学报》2024年第3期99-104,共6页Journal of Jiaxing University

摘　　要：司法实践中的主流观点认为,法官有权以违约方违约程度显著轻微为由限制守约方行使约定解除权。此种观点值得商榷。守约方依约行使约定解除权的行为是单方法律行为;法官对已实施的解约行为予以限制,本质上是确认解约行为无效。基于此,合同目的、公平、诚实信用、禁止滥用权利等均不足以成为限制解约的充分理由,法官也不享有依违约程度限制解约的自由裁量权。约定解除权限制说将戕害契约自由精神、侵蚀法律行为效力原理、鼓励合同当事人失信等。The mainstream view in judicial practice is that judges have the right to restrict the non-breaching party from exercising the right to terminate the contract on the grounds that the defaulting party's breach of contract is significantly minor.This viewpoint is worth discussing.The non-breaching party's exercise of the right to terminate in accordance with the contract is a unilateral legal act.The judge's restriction of implemented termination essentially confirms that the termination is invalid.Based on this,the purpose of the contract,fairness,good faith,and prohibition of abuse of rights are not sufficient reasons to restrict termination,and judges do not have the discretion to restrict termination based on the degree of breach.The theory of restricting the right to terminate will result in the following adverse consequences,such as undermining the spirit of contract freedom,eroding the principle of validity of legal acts,and encouraging the parties to a contract to break their promises.

关 键 词：约定解除权行使 违约程度显著轻微 限制 单方法律行为 无效 

分 类 号：D923.04[政治法律—民商法学]