激光供电脉冲电场传感器设计  

Design of a Laser-powered Electric Field Sensor

作　　者：王宇 辛明勇 代奇迹 徐长宝 WANG Yu;XIN Mingyong;DAI Qiji;XU Changbao(Electric Power Research Institute of Guizhou Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550005,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《电力大数据》2024年第1期18-27,共10页Power Systems and Big Data

基　　金：国家基础研究发展计划资助项目(GZKJXM20210480)。

摘　　要：为应对高电压电力系统中瞬变电场强度的测量难题,并确保直流输电系统的安全稳定运行,本研究设计并构建了一种由激光光电池供电的脉冲电场传感器。该传感器包括激光光电池供电模块、电光信号转换模块和单极子天线。此外,还在设计中采用恒流源电路作为半导体激光器的供电系统,它能将特定波长的激光能量转换为电能,为传感器或其他负载提供远距离非接触式供能。为确保传感器的精确度,本研究开发了一套系统标定装置,用于在控制空间内产生标准测试电场,并通过部署的传感器阵列来测量产生的电场、磁场及被测物体内部的其他数据,实现对动态系统电场强度的即时校准。实验测试表明,所研制的脉冲电场传感器具有20kHz至500MHz的3 dB带宽,100V/m至60kV/mm的动态范围,125Ω的负载阻抗,优于10%的线性度,以及上升沿小于3.5ns的瞬态响应性能,验证了其在强电磁干扰环境下仍具备良好的快速响应速度。To address the challenge of measuring transient electric field intensity in high-voltage power systems and ensure the safe and stable operation of DC transmission systems,we have designed and constructed a pulse electric field sensor powered by a laser photovoltaic cell.The sensor includes a laser photovoltaic cell power supply module,an electro-optic signal conversion module,and a monopole antenna.Additionally,we have designed a power supply system driven by a constant current source circuit for driving semiconductor lasers,which can convert laser energy of specific wavelengths into electrical energy to provide remote non-contact power for the sensor or other loads.To ensure the accuracy of the sensor,we have developed a set of system calibration devices to generate standard test electric fields in a controlled space and measure the electromagnetic data of the generated electric and magnetic fields as well as the interior of the object under test using a deployed array of multiple sensors,achieving real-time calibration of the dynamic systems electric field intensity.Experimental tests have shown that the developed pulse electric field sensor has a 3 dB bandwidth of 20 kHz to 500 MHz,a dynamic range of 100 V/m to 60 kV/mm,a load impedance of 125Ω,better than 10%linearity,and transient response performance with a rise time of less than 3.5 ns,verifying its good anti-interference capability and fast response speed even in strong electromagnetic interference environments.

关 键 词：脉冲电场传感器 半导体激光器 恒源流电路 单极子天线 脉冲电场测试 

分 类 号：TM937[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]